Единство противоположностей: сравнительный анализ профессиональных стандартов педагога в образовательных системах России и США

Отечественная и зарубежная педагогика. 2024. Т. 1. № 4. С. 155–171.

Токарева К. А., Rodomanchenko A.

The article examines the professional standards for teachers used in the educational systems of the Russian Federation and the United States. The study also provides a comparison of the functions required of teachers in different aspects of Russian and American school education. The study is aimed at identifying a common core of school teacher competencies in the professional standard for teachers in Russia and the standard for teaching “English as a New Language” in the United States. The main research meth- ods were comparative analysis of teacher's functions, their generalization and categorization. In the course of the study, a summary table was compiled, including the functions of a teacher from the Russian professional standard combined into several groups and the added functions of a teacher from the American professional standard for teaching “English as a New Language”. The results of the study showed that both the Russian and American professional standards require teachers to have knowledge of the subject being taught and its teaching methodology. Teachers in Russia and the United States are sup- posed to understand the role of education in personal development and know the age characteristics of students. Among the functions of the teacher, both standards present knowledge of the cultural aspect of teaching and the ability to work with students with exceptional needs. The identified single core of competencies of a school teacher in the professional standards for teachers in Russia and the USA allows us to conclude that these regulatory documents in the field of education are similar and that some functions of a teacher can be borrowed from the US professional standard into the professional standard of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: учитель, педагог, teacher, professional skills, профессиональные навыки, профессиональные умения, профессиональный стандарт педагога, teacher's competencies, pedagogical functions, model “to know, to be able, to possess “, professional abilities, professional standard for teachers, компетенции учителя, педагогические функции, модель «знать — уметь — владеть»