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Актуальные проблемы государственной поддержки и защиты прав инвалидов в современной России (административно-правовые аспекты)
The purpose of the study is to identify current problems of social protection of disabled people, protection of their rights, and suggestions of optimal solutions. The authors use the method of synthesis, analysis, comparative legal method. The article discusses approaches to the definition of disability. For a long time, in the acts of international law, disability was defined only as a disease that limits a person's ability to work. Currently, the medical approach has given way to the social one. Social protection becomes one of the main characteristics of disability. For the social protection of the disabled, the state has begun to use modern information technologies, for example, an electronic certificate for the selection of technical means of rehabilitation from the catalog formed by the Social Insurance Fund. The current legislation provides for the improvement of pension provision, as well as job quotas for disabled people, which allows creating state guarantees of their employment. It is concluded that serious obstacles to the social adaptation of disabled people still remain. These have become difficulties with obtaining a high-quality education for disabled people, which leads to problems in finding employment, obtaining a well-paid and in-demand profession on the labor market. Domestic discrimination against disabled people still persists in Russian society. For example, when calling a taxi, orders are often canceled. Cancellation is motivated by difficulties with loading a wheelchair into the trunk of a car. The reform of the financial administration of the social security system is designed to unite the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation. The merger will reduce administrative costs, reduce budget expenditures for the maintenance of the administrative apparatus, and more effectively monitor the expenditure of funds. An equally important change in the legislation was the introduction of a correspondence form of medical and social examination to establish disability, which made it possible to significantly simplify the lives of disabled people, save them from unnecessary bureaucratic procedures, and minimize corruption risks existing in this area. The Russian state consistently pursues a policy of building a social state in our country and, overcoming the difficulties that still remain, is successfully moving towards the goal in this direction.