Стилистика Амаравати и поэтика «Лалитавистары»: опыт сравнительного анализа изобразительного и текстового нарратива

Восток. Афро-азиатские общества: история и современность. 2023. № 5. С. 153–165.

Alexandrova N.

Ancient Indian Buddhist hagiographic narrative was developing both in the form of text and in the form of images created in abundance in places of worship. These two forms of tradition stood in a certain relation, although the variability of versions was reflected both in the text and in the pictorial lines of development. Comparative analysis of these two forms of Buddhist narrative can be done in different ways. Above all, the event side of the Buddha’s life is asked for comparison as well as attributes and other external signs of the personages. We would like to pay attention to the stylistic side and try to match the style of the image and the text. Referring to the "Lalitavistara" which is the most important Buddhist hagiographic text and the stupa at Amaravati with its abundance of images one can detect a certain closeness between the poetics of the text and the style of the images. This is “multi-figure”, which is associated with the expression if the idea of cosmic spheres, as well as special dynamism of character movement, ultimate rhythm of constructions, abundance of formulas and symbols. These common features in the imagery and stylistics of Amaravati and "Lalitavistara”obviously were due to a certain affiliation of the monastic environment that gave rise to them: the design of the stupa was associated with the chaityaka sect (dominated in the region) who claimed the "transcendental" nature of the Buddha, and these ideas were close to the creators of "Lalitavistara” who presented the life of the Buddha as an "imitation of the world" (lokānuvartana) of a divine being descended from heaven. Such representations inevitably gave rise to imagery characteristic of both monuments.

Keywords: агиография, hagiography, буддизм, Буддийское искусство, Buddhist Art, буддийская литература, Buddhist literature, Buddhism, Buddhist stupa, буддийская ступа