Что день грядущий нам готовит: по кому ударят санкционные ограничения на поставки импортного оборудования?

Журнал Новой экономической ассоциации. 2023. Т. 60. № 3. С. 187–196.

Golikova V., Kuznetsov B.

The paper is focused on the problem of the Russian manufacturing fi rms’ dependence on imported technological equipment and on the impact of economic sanctions of 2022. We illustrate the scale of that dependence from both friendly and unfriendly countries. We take into account the geography of sales, investment activity, and other features of fi rms. Our results show that the preference for imported equipment is more common for fi rms that use imported intermediate goods (raw materials, details, components, etc.), for the fi rms with large investments as well as for those exporting to the nearby countries — members of Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The most acute problem with imported equipment was revealed in light industry, wood industry, electrical and electronic machinery, vehicle production. The dependence is also high in the production of chemical products. We demonstrate that the major suppliers of technological equipment for Russian manufacturing fi rms are the European countries and China. The share of Europe has a tendency to decline while China’s share is growing. The low diversifi cation of sources for imported equipment and highly limited capabilities for import substitution may become a signifi cant obstacle for ensuring technological sovereignty in the medium-term outlook.

Keywords: инвестиции, импортозамещение, обрабатывающая промышленность, рынки, markets, Investments., economic sanctions, экономические санкции, импорт оборудования, import substitution, Russian manufacturing, import of equipment

Publication based on the results of: Transformation of cooperation ties of Russian enterprises and mechanisms of state support of enterprises during crisis (2023)