Функции гомеровских цитат в античных схолиях к поэме Гесиода «Теогония»

Аристей. Aristeas: Вестник классической филологии и античной истории. 2023. № XXVII. С. 81–99.

Богданова О. А.

A universal principle of scholia is the absence of argumentation and references to sources. The scholia that use quotations from other texts stand out against the general background, as the quotation can be one way of argumentation and the quoted text acts as an authority, which makes these scholia different from the others. The scholia vetera collection to Theogony contains references to several authors (including tragedians and lyricists), with commentators quoting Homeric poems most frequently - 29 times. The aim of this article is to examine these scholia and to identify the functions of Homeric quotations in them. Based on the classification of Homeric quotations in the treatises of Plutarch proposed by Díaz Lavado, the author analyzes the purposes of the use of Homeric quotations by the ancient commentators of Hesiod. As the study shows, the main task of scholiasts is to compare the texts of Homer and Hesiod in terms of mythological or linguistic material, and the Homeric poems act as the main precedent text for drawing analogies to the Theogony, including for explaining the poem through the introduction of additional information. In only one case does a line from Theogony serve as an occasion for the scholiast to discuss problems of Homeric syntax. A certain tradition may have developed around the commentary of certain points, which was followed by commentators. Furthermore, the analysis of the Scholia shows that the analysis of the Scholia reveals mythological layers that are absent in the extant literary texts, while cross-references in the Homeric and Hesiodic Scholia point to significant textological problems of antiquity.

Keywords: Homer, Гомер, Hesiod, Гесиод, античные схолии, Theogony, ancient scholia, function of ancient scholia, Homeric quotations, Теогония, функции античных схолий, гомеровские цитаты