План и рынок в cоветской экономике : Товарообменные операции в 1930-е – 1950-е годы

Cahiers d'histoire russe, est-européenne, caucasienne et centrasiatique (ex. Cahiers du Monde Russe). 2023. Т. 64. № 1. С. 109–134.

Oleg Khlevniuk

The Soviet planned economy never completely followed laws and regulations. As significant resources were concentrated primarily in priority areas, the system existed in a state of constant disorder. The poor execution of plans started chain reactions of breaks in economic ties. Mending the gaps was often done using various informal methods, personal relations between the enterprises’ administrations, and operations on “black markets.” The article examines the interaction of plans and what can be called a specific Soviet market distribution of resources. The focus is on several issues. The first is the deficit in the Soviet planned distribution system and its consequences. The second has to do with the exchanges of products and raw materials between enterprises outside the planned economy. The third is the state’s reaction to such exchanges and their criminalization. The fourth is the rejection of strict regulation of deals as part of the post-Stalin reforms.

Keywords: рынок, бартер, the Soviet economy, государственно-плановая экономика, barter