Переосмысление моногородов: ориентация на развитие туризма

Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2022. № 3. С. 114–141.

Plisetskiy E., Leonard C. S., Ilina I. N.

Th e COVID-19 pandemic of 2020–2022, combined with the introduction of restrictive sanctions, had a strong impact on the mobility of the population, fi rst of all, it concerns tourism. For a signifi cant part of tourists who usually traveled abroad, there was a need to reorient to Russian resorts and other attractions within the country, which requires the active development of  various tourism directions: from traditional routes to innovative niche formats (medical, industrial, stalking, etc. tourism). In recent years, tourism in Russia has become the preferred tool for the development of small, including single-industry cities, where it is possible to develop and strengthen the tourism services sector. Using tourism as a development tool is quite expensive. Th e state subsidizes the formation and improvement of infrastructure, but, in addition to fi nancing, the development of tourism requires specifi c programs to increase tourist attractiveness. Th e unrecoverable costs are inevitably signifi cant, and the results are unpredictable. Th e dilemmas associated with tourism fi nancing are numerous and complex. Th is is especially true for  tourist single-industry towns, which are diffi cult to fi t into the available categories of state funding allocated for Russian single-industry towns (where the goal is to diversify the economy while maintaining employment in the city). Th e article examines the framework of state and municipal policy, which must be coordinated at all levels of government and provided with regional and federal support. Achieving this goal also requires clarifying the very concept of «tourist single-industry town» and the criteria for its defi nition.

Keywords: туризм, моногорода, tourism, туристская индустрия