Мотивация труда творческих работников: нормативные представления и реальность трудовой жизни

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2021. № 3. С. 290–315.

Попкова К. В., Balabanova E. S.

The article is devoted to the problem of studying the specifics of labor organization and the impact of organizational management practices on employees of creative professions in the Russian context.

The empirical part of the study is based on the analysis of data obtained in 2019-2020 during the implementation of two stages of the mixed methods research strategy – semi-structured interviews (n=23) and a standardized online survey (n=302).

One of the most important results of the study was identification of contradictions between the normative discourse related to specifics of the work creative workers and the results of the «quantitative» stage of study. The priority of «meaningful» work aspects, autonomy and opportunities self-realization for motivating creative work, emphasized by informants in in-depth interviews, was not confirmed in a mass standardized survey. The results of the regression analysis showed that the main role for satisfaction of creative workers, their over-role behavior, involvement, emotional burnout, and intentions to change jobs was played by aspects related to the satisfaction of material needs and perceived fairness in remuneration. The same factors of self-realization and autonomy in most of the models turned out to be insignificant.

At the same time, results of the study confirm the extremely high importance the factor of group interactions and teamwork, previously identified in literature and reflected in in-depth interviews. It also reveals a fairly tolerant attitude to conflicts in the labor process, which, in the authors' opinion, reflects the specifics of creative work.

In addition, it was revealed that the attitudes and behavior of creative worker are primarily determined by organizational and managerial factors, and not by socio-demographic or individual-personal characteristics of the respondents.

Keywords: удовлетворенность работой, профессиональная идентичность, профессиональное выгорание, конфликты, creative professions, conflicts, job satisfaction, мотивация труда, creative industry, work engagement, work motivation, professional burnout, вовлеченность в работу, professional identity, extra-­role behavior, творческая отрасль, творческая профессия, надролевое поведение