Взгляд доулы на призвание и профессию: «пребывать с женщиной в точке боли»

Медицинская антропология и биоэтика. 2021. Т. 21. № 1. С. 220–251.

Kuksa T., Шнырова С. В.

The popularization of physiological approaches to childbirth and publications of the French obstetrician-gynecologist Michel Odent since 1996, the legalization of independent Moscow midwifes in 2006, infrastructural and legislative changes in the Russian system of obstetrics since 2011 contributed to the emergence of new perinatal employment and the intensive spread of emotional and physical care for women out of medical system and biomedical conventions.

The diversity, competition and interaction of agents of care, explanatory models and sectors (or arenas) of the health care system in childbirth and the postpartum period have contributed to, among other things, the transformation of grassroots women's movements and the gradual transition from medical dissidence and stigmatization of "home" childbirth to "natural" and "soft" childbirth with an individual midwife or doula in the hospital, as well as from partner births to professional doula’s support.

The article presents the history of the life path and a view of vocation of a multifaceted participant in these processes, whose activities can be conditionally attributed to the first wave of personal perinatal specialists who actively produce and transmit the ideology and practice of "natural" childbirth, "soft" and "humane" childbirth, partnership and doula’s personalized support for women in the hospital.

Keywords: призвание, vocation, доула, партнерские роды, doula, contract childbirth, birth pain, контрактные роды, родовая боль