Факторы риска боли в нижней части спины у представителей рабочих профессий: систематический обзор

Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2021. Т. 61. № 2. С. 115–124.

Zazdravnykh E., Kislitsyn D., Aleksandrova E.

Lower back pain is a common clinical problem that causes disability. Members of the working professions are particularly at risk of developing this syndrome due to the physical nature of the work. At the same time, the existing systematic reviews on the risk factors for lower back pain, as a rule, do not pay enough attention to working professions.

The aim of the study is to generalize and systematize the results of scientific research on the physical and psychosocial risk factors for lower back pain for representatives of working professions.

A systematic review of published scientific research that is indexed in the Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The authors selected 14 studies published in leading scientific journals, the purpose of which was to assess the relationship between occupational risk factors and the presence of lower back pain among representatives of working professions. The research results are systematized according to the classification of physical and psychosocial risk factors.

The main physical risk factor for lower back pain is lifting and lowering heavy objects without the help of specialized equipment. There is also evidence that frequent body twists and turns, as well as the monotonous nature of the work, are associated with a higher risk of having lower back pain. The most important psychosocial risk factors for lower back pain are working night shifts and high levels of workplace stress.

Keywords: факторы риска, рабочие, workers, risk factors, систематический обзор, systematic review, lower back pain, боль в нижней части спины