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Российские немцы как этноязыковое сообщество: история и современное состояние молодежной возрастной группы в Москве
From the end of September 2020 to the middle of 2021, the Year of Germany is held in the Russian Federation. It is currently that it seems particularly relevant to devote this work to the study of the multi-faceted ethno-linguistic community of Russian Germans. This article discusses several key points: the definition of the term "Russian Germans", the history of the community to the present day, as well as the empirical part of the study, which includes a survey of a group of respondents from among young Russian Germans under 35 years of age living in Moscow. The main aim of the work was to find out what state this ethno-linguistic community is in today: to consider the problem of self-identification of its members, to trace the level of knowledge of the language of the ethnic homeland and interest in studying and preserving the cultural heritage of their ancestors. In the course of the study, through the analysis of various sources, it turned out that throughout the history of the existence of the Germans on the territory of our country, the attitude towards them has repeatedly changed: from positive to hostile, then to more neutral; from the praise of this community as "colonists" of barren lands and competent specialists to the persecution of developed and inhabited lands and repression during the first half of the twentieth century and the refusal to restore their autonomy on the territory of our country. As a result of these actions on the part of the Soviet Union and Russian government, the community of Russian Germans found themselves in a state of identity crisis with the problem of the gradual disappearance of their language landscape, expressed in various dialects and dialects. In turn, the survey conducted through a questionnaire based on the form created within the framework of the "Languages of Moscow" project helped to find out that even in Moscow, which was historically one of the most important centers of settlement of Russian Germans, the state of the community is not the most positive due to the low level of knowledge of the ethnic language among its members, as well as the inability to pass on cultural "baggage" to the next generations, i.e., the children of respondents. To conclude, this work also has the potential for further, more in-depth research of the ethno-linguistic community, in particular with a focus on the diaspora of Russian Germans who emigrated back to their ethnic homeland.