Почему люди уезжают из одних регионов и приезжают в другие: мотивы межрегиональной миграции в России

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2020. № 5. С. 130–153.

Mkrtchyan N. V., Florinskaya Y.

The motives of resettlement are a key issue in the study of migration. Factors that attract and repulse migration are analyzed via in-depth interviews with two groups of internal migrants: (1) emigrants from the Trans-Baikal Territory — one of the least migratory attractive regions of Russia, (2) immigrants to the Krasnodar Territory — one of the most attractive regions. This article not only identifies and focuses on certain motives, the order of their mention, but also analyzes their significance and priority in the narratives depending on the region of emigration/immigration. Most migrants mentioned labor (economic) opportunities as well as the urban environment, infrastructure, opportunities for personal development, and leisure as motives for migration. Environmental and climate motives, on the other hand, are mainly considered by interviewees to be secondary. Family motives are closely related to others and do not fit well into the system of push and pull factors, since they characterize not the region of exit/settling, but the personal situation of the informant.

Keywords: внутренняя миграция, регионы России, internal migration, мотивы миграции, Russian regions, долговременная миграция, long-term migration, motives of migration, push-pull theory, push-pull теория