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Опрос глухих в социологическом исследовании: когнитивные и коммуникативные аспекты
Development of an inclusive society challenges researchers to study
representatives of various social groups, including those with unique
cognitive and communicative characteristics. One of these groups is the
deaf and hard of hearing, which differs significantly from other people with
disabilities in cultural and linguistic aspects. This article deals with the
difficulties that sociologists face interviewing the deaf and hard of hearing.
The authors consider the main cognitive and communicative features of this
group that influence the course of questioning, the role of sign language
in the perception of a sociological survey (including in writing form),
analyze the specifics of question-and-answer communication with deaf
respondents, which consists, first of all, of a difficult semantic and contextual
understanding of questions. The authors also describe the specifics of
information perception by respondents with hearing impairments using
specific examples from the researcher practice. Based on expert interviews
and methodological reflections on the results of several empirical studies,
the authors suggest possible ways to improve the quality of communication
between the hearing researcher and the deaf respondent, as well as increase
the validity of the data obtained during the survey.