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Функционирование псевдо-новости в полях телевидения и Интернета: типология, практики, социальные эффекты
The author substantiates the phenomenon of pseudo-news as a discrete version of the news. It is determined that, being formally (structured) constructed as a news message (similar composition, stylistics, basic elements, dialectical answer to the triad of questions: what? + where? + when?), the pseudo-news report is contentiously contrary to the main signs of news (objectivity, reliability, reflection of current reality). The author’s typology is proposed – the differentiation of pseudo-news phenomenon into fake and post-truth. If the fake can be the result of the unintentional actions of media controllers (the pursuit of sensation, the low level of professionalism, manifested in the lack of skills in verifying the factual data), then post-truth is the result of planned techniques, the ultimate goal of which is the conscious disinformation of the audience. It is concluded, that the systemic design of pseudo-news phenomenon ultimately leads to deprofessionalization, discrediting workers in the media and the deinstitutionalization of journalism, reinforcing the “crisis of confidence” in the media.