Понятие Sachverhalt: положение вещей в австрийской философии XIX века

Философские науки. 2019. № 1. С. 106–120.

Seliverstov V.

This article considers the concept of Sachverhalt in the Austrian philosophical tradition of the XIX century. In particular, we are talking about the works of Bernard Bolzano, Rudolf Lotze, Julius Bergmann, Franz Brentano, Karl Stumpf, Anton Marty and Alexius Meinong. The emergence of the concept of Sachverhalt, or the state of things in extensive philosophical discussions is connected with the works of L. Wittgenstein and phenomenologist Adolf Reinach. Reinach criticized previous theories of judgment. He wrote that they were built on the evaluation, affirmation or negation of a particular object. And that is a mistake. Only introduction of the concept of Sachverhalt allows us to solve a number of logical contradictions that faces the theory of judgment. We find this term in the works of Lotze and Stumpf, but what is its position in their theories? Does it solve the problems that mentions  Reinach? Therefore, in this study, I am going to answer the question of how fair is Reinach's criticism. Also I’m going to analyse the various theories of judgment in Austrian philosophy to determine if it is possible to speak of Sachverhalt as a single entity connecting in the concepts of all authors in the Austrian tradition.

Keywords: state of affairs, положение дел, австрийская философия, Austrian Philosophy, положение вещей, theory of judgement, со-бытие, теория суждения

Publication based on the results of: Проблема существования в современных майнонгианских концепциях: практики их применения в научных исследованиях, анализе художественных произведений и культурных ценностей (2017)