Понимание материальности и телесности в антропологии Марсилио Фичино

Платоновские исследования. 2017. Т. VII. № 2. С. 157–187.

Guryanov I.

The article considers the anthropological ideas of Marsilio Ficino who was the most prominent representative of the Renaissance Platonism of the 15th century. The influence of the metaphysical distinction between material and intelligible levels of the universe on the description of human body is analyzed. It is shown that Ficino, using the exegetical tools available to him for the interpretation of Platonists, sought to distinguish between "subtle" and "gross" materiality. Due to a didactic orientation of Ficino’s thought, his reasoning always contains moral-theological and epistemological connotations: for instance, "gross" materiality is associated with evil, but "subtle" one, on the contrary, leads the philosopher to good and to the true knowledge of things. To prove this thesis, the medical and demonological works of Ficino are analyzed, as well as the studies of the related topics in Neoplatonism that was the most important source for the Ficino’s anthropology. An appendix gives a translation into Russian and a commentary on the fragment of the dialogue "De daemonibus" which was considered by Ficino to be a work of Michael Psellos.

Keywords: антропология, телесность, anthropology, corporality, Platonism, платонизм, материальность, итальянское Возрождение, Italian Renaissance, materiality, Marsilio Ficino, Марсилио Фичино

Publication based on the results of: «Axial Ages» in the History of Humanities: from Early Modern Times to the Present (2017)