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Сознание и внимание в современной когнитивной науке: от «зрительных ансамблей» до укрупнения перцептивных единиц
The paper traces the intersections between the problem of attention in the classical psychology of consciousness and a set of related problems discussed in the state of the art cognitive psychology and neuroscience. Among them are issues related to the demarcation between processing which could be performed without attention and processes which require attentional involvement. The experimental data related to the perception of complex visual scenes and statistical characteristics of many simultaneously presented objects are analyzed. A brief review of paradoxical results obtained by the authors is provided, including experiments in the statistical representation of visual ensembles and unitization during visual search for letters in large letter arrays containing words. Fundamental paradoxes in the studies of attention and consciousness in cognitive psychology are summarized.