Формирование новых категорий взрослыми и детьми при эксплицитной и имплицитной системах научения

Когнитивные исследования. 2014. Т. 1.

Kotov A. A.

The article presents a review of modern research of multiple systems of learning. The most attention was given to the COVIS model (Ashby et al., 1998) because it explains controversial results of classic models of category learning in the best possible way comparing to the other models of multiple systems of learning and because it correlates well with patterns of ontogenesis of category learning and its impairments after different local brain damages. The main theses of the COVIS model are based on the difference between the formation of verbal and nonverbal rules of categorization: the dependence of the formation on allocation (distribution) of objects' features and on availability of the feedback and the time the feedback appears. Additionally the functional characteristics of the choice of the system of learning were analyzed with the method of interference and priming. The problem of consensus of multiple systems of learning was formulated at the end of the article and the alternative cluster model SUSTAIN (Love et al., 2004) was considered.

Keywords: память, категоризация, categorization, memory, generalization, обобщение, categorical learning, категориальное научение