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Уровни физической активности среди взрослого населения Российской Федерации
Significance. A sedentary lifestyle is one of the four most important risk factors for developing non-communicable diseases. Regular physical activity can prevent from 4 million to 5 million deaths annually worldwide.
Purpose. To study the prevalence of a sufficient level of daily physical activity and its three components among the adult population, men and women, in various age groups in the Russian Federation.
Materials and methods. The analysis of the prevalence of the following types of physical activity among the adult population was carried out: physical activity associated with regular physical education in a gym, including in educational organizations, or at home; physical activity associated with home or work activities; physical activity associated with walking or using individual mobile means of transportation (bicycle, scooter). To calculate the indicators among the entire adult population, men and women, as well as various age groups, microdata from a Sample observation of the health status of the population, which was conducted by Rosstat in 2023, was used.
Results. 31.17% of the adult population (33.4% of men and 29.35% of women) were engaged in physical education and sports. 62.73% of the adult population (64.76% of women and 60.24% of men) engaged in physical activity related to work or domestic activities. 83.09% of the adult population (85.06% of women and 80.67% of men) engaged in physical activity related to walking or using individual mobile means of transportation. 85.6% of the adult population engaged in daily physical activity sufficient to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases and depression.
Conclusion. About 15% of the adult population (15.39% of men and 13.58% of women) did not have sufficient daily physical activity necessary to reduce the risk of developing a number of diseases. The promotion of physical education and the creation of conditions for people of all ages, especially retirement age, can have a significant additional impact on the involvement of the adult population in leading a healthy lifestyle, reducing the risks of developing many infectious diseases, increasing the expected long life and healthy longevity.