Некоторые вопросы судебной экспертизы по делам о картелях (ст. 178 УК РФ)

Научное обозрение. Серия 1: Экономика и право. 2025. № 2-3. С. 68–77.

Москвитин О. А., Капитонов И. А.

The article addresses current problems in applying forensic examinations in investigating crimes under Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (restriction of competition through cartel agreements). The authors examine a number of controversial and insufficiently developed issues arising in law enforcement practice: proper formulation of questions to expert witnesses, determination of qualification requirements for experts, proving the fact of competition restriction, calculating the amount of illegal income in light of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation’s position (Decision No. 19-P of April 19, 2023), the feasibility of integrated examinations, and problems arising when courts return cases under Art. 237 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Based on analysis of court practice from 2021–2025, typical errors of investigators and courts in appointing examinations are considered. Recommendations are proposed for improving the methodology of appointing and conducting examinations, as well as for developing regulatory framework in this field.

Keywords: evidence, forensic examination, педагогические работники, cartel, проектные компетенции, педагогическое проектирование, условия развития, Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Federal Antimonopoly Service, restriction of competition, Article 178 of the Criminal Code, criminal income, expert questions, integrated examination, проектная компетентность