Эндогенные факторы устойчивости санкционной политики ЕС в исследовательской дискуссии

Современная Европа. 2026. № 1. С. 115–126.

Likhacheva A., Shein S.

An intensive academic debate is constantly unfolding around the European Union’s sanctions policy. Although scholars have examined in considerable depth the institutional design, substance and effects of the EU’s sanctions regime, aspects related to the factors behind its dynamics and resilience have received far less attention. Against the backdrop of the rapid evolution of the EU’s sanctions policy – especially its anti-Russian programme since February 2022 – it is important to fill this gap and to systematise existing research. Particularly significant is an analysis of factors linked to the EU’s integration dynamics and to the very nature of the Union. This article conceptualises the endogenous factors that explain the resilience of the sanctions imposed, drawing on an analysis of the academic literature in the field. The authors conclude that the conceptualisation of the EU sanctions regime’s internal sources of resilience is, in one way or another, tied to the phenomenon of political leadership in its two manifestations – structural and normative/ideational. At the level of EU integration structures, resilience and the drive to maintain sanctions stem either from the consolidation of certain national preferences within the sanctions course, or from efforts by EU institutions to expand their influence within the inter-institutional balance. In the case of normative or ideational leadership, sanctions function as a signalling tool to external audiences regarding the EU’s capabilities and values, which likewise reinforces their durability. Overall, the existing body of scholarship points to the need for further conceptual development of the factors shaping the dynamics of the EU’s sanctions policy, since these factors have not yet received dedicated treatment in academic debate.

Keywords: European Union, обзор исследований, антироссийские санкции, literature review, Европейский союз, Anti-Russian sanctions, factors of sanctions resilience, факторы устойчивости санкций