?
Антикризисное регулирование финансовых рынков/ Под ред. Хоминич И.П., Фруминой С.В.
Pension funds play a key role in ensuring the financial stability of retirees. In Russia, the pension system consists of two main components: state pension payments provided by the Social Fund of Russia (formerly the Pension Fund of Russia) and additional voluntary savings programs implemented by non-state pension funds (NPFs). The Social Fund of Russia is the primary source of pension funding in the country. State pensions guarantee a minimum income level for retirees, providing social protection for the population. The main types of state pensions include labor pensions, social pensions, and disability pensions. The obvious advantages of state pension provision include guaranteed state payments, minimum pension eligibility requirements, and the ability to index pensions based on inflation. However, there are disadvantages associated with limited pension amounts, often insufficient for a comfortable standard of living, and potential delays in pension payments. Non-state pension funds (NPFs) provide non-state pension provision (NSP), long-term savings, and mandatory pension insurance (MPI). Currently, 38 NPFs operate in Russia. As of the second quarter of 2025, NPF assets reached 6.0 trillion rubles. NPFs offer an additional option for saving for retirement. They allow citizens to build their own pension savings through regular contributions, which are then invested by the funds to increase capital. Contributions to NPFs serve as an additional source of income during retirement, offer the opportunity to choose an investment strategy, and enhance financial stability through asset diversification. Disadvantages include the risk of losing a portion of the investment due to poor investment decisions, as well as the need for active participation in managing their funds (active investing).