«Локальная» или «глобальная»? Тестирование детерминант экологической культуры в России

Социологический журнал. 2025. Т. 31. № 4. С. 31–49.

Scherbak A. N.

The research puzzle I address in the paper is the discrepancy between theoretical models of environmentalism based on postmaterialist values and empirically observed eco-activism in Russia, which is increasingly associated with conservative attitudes. The proposed model includes both value-normative and behavioral aspects, consists of 6 empirically measured components: the importance of local and global environmental problems, the priority of nature conservation or economic growth, environmental consumption and environmental participation. The main assumption is the presence of a variety of environmental cultures and the testing a number of determinants of the suggested components. To test the hypotheses, the survey data "Environmental Values and Environmental Behavior in the Regions of Russia" are used, which was conducted in 6 regions of Russia in the spring-summer of 2024 (N = 1950). Using the methods of principal component analysis, T-test, correlation and regression analysis, the study both confirmed the validity of the proposed eco-culture model and revealed at least partial interrelations of the proposed components with a number of determinants: regional identity, eco-conservatism and local agency. The results did not allow identifying significant regional differences, however, they did not show respondents' focus exclusively on local problems. Active involvement in solving various eco-problems is quite associated with traditionalist attitudes. Further search for eco-culture models that combine an active attitude to nature conservation and traditionalism is necessary.

Keywords: консерватизм, values, ценности, regional identity, региональная идентичность, conservatism, экологическая культура, environmental culture