Цифровые валюты с точки зрения зарубежных теорий денег

Экономическое развитие России. 2025. Т. 32. № 1. С. 129–138.

Ионцев М. А.

Digital currencies are a challenge to classical theories of money, since, although they can act as a means of exchange, they have features that can limit their use as a measure of value, world money, means of payment or a means of saving. The purpose of this article is to find an answer to the question, is the digital currency money? If not, what types of assets can it be attributed to? What, then, is money? This article is an attempt to address these issues in the context of digital currencies. Consideration of digital currencies from the point of view of the theory of money and determining their place among the types of means of exchange and payment will determine the degree of their impact on macroeconomics, in particular, financial stability, in this regard, adjust, if necessary, the policy of financial stability and monetary policy of the Bank of Russia. Understanding the nature of digital currencies will help government agencies develop more effective and adequate regulatory approaches, and will also be an important step in understanding digital currency as an object of civil turnover. Digital currencies can accelerate the globalization of financial systems by facilitating access to financial services. Understanding their mechanics can contribute to the development of strategies to enhance financial inclusion.

Keywords: деньги, means of payment, цифровая валюта, digital currency, money, means of exchange, measure of value, taxation of digital currencies, средство платежа, средства обмена, мера стоимости, налогооблажение цифровых валют