Должен остаться только один: история развития отношения Гамаля Абд ан-Насера к Абд аль-Кариму Касему в контексте взлёта и падения панарабского движения

Восток. Афро-азиатские общества: история и современность. 2025. № 5. С. 43–55.

Orlov I., Дружинина Д. А.

The revolution in Iraq in July 1958 became one of the most important events of its time, which changed the balance of power in the Middle East. Even though the natural course of events could have led to an alliance between revolutionary Iraq and revolutionary Egypt, this alliance did not occur. On the contrary, the leaders of the two countries, Gamal Abd an-Nasser and Abd al-Karim Qassem, entered a fierce confrontation, trying to undermine each other’s authority. This conflict manifested itself in a competition for the leading role in the revolutionary Arab
movement, the struggle for influence in Syria, and, finally, the clash of personal ambitions of the Egyptian and Iraqi leaders. The undisputed leader of the pan-Arab movement, who triumphantly defended his country’s interests during the Suez Crisis in 1956 and had just successfully created the United Arab Republic (UAR), Gamal Abd an-Nasser, considered it his natural duty to support the Iraqi revolutionaries. However, he soon encountered a split within Iraq itself. Some of the Iraqi Free Officers inspired by Nasser’s ideas and personality wanted immediate unity with the UAR, while others, led by Qassem, tried to preserve Iraq’s independence by ousting Nasser’s supporters and allies from the country’s leadership. Gamal Abd an-Nasser first tried to demonstrate friendly intentions, then tried to exercise restraint, and finally moved into open conflict with Baghdad. This article examines the transformation of his attitude towards Abd al-Karim Qassem in the context of political dynamics in the Arab world and in Iraq in particular.

Keywords: Ирак, Египет, панарабизм, Egypt, Iraq, Nasser, Насер, Pan-Arabism, Qassem, Aref, UAR, Касем, Ареф, ОАР