?
Socioeconomic Determinants of Per Capita GDP Growth in Pakistan: An Econometric Analysis
South Asian Journal of Finance. 2024. Vol. 4. No. 2. P. 112–135.
ALI I.
Purpose: This study explores the socioeconomic factors influencing per capita GDP in Pakistan by employing an econometrics analysis technique and an ARDL bounds testing methodology. The main goal of this research is to explore and measure both long-term and short-term relationships between per capita GDP and selected socioeconomic indicators. Design/Methodology/Approach: The analysis incorporates the ADF unit root test, a correlation matrix, and the ARDL bounds test. The sample consists of annual data from 2002 to 2022. Findings: The long-term analysis indicates that GDP growth rate and control of corruption have a significant positive impact on per capita GDP. On the other hand, government effectiveness, industry, military expenditure, and total debt are found to have negative effects on per capita GDP. In the short term, changes in GDP growth rate, government effectiveness, and unemployment rate are shown to have immediate effects on per capita GDP. The error correction term suggests a significant speed of adjustment back to the longrun equilibrium after a shock. The finding highlighted the critical role of macroeconomic stability and institutional quality in fostering economic growth. Policies aimed at improving government effectiveness, reducing military expenditure, and managing total debt are essential for improving per capita GDP. Strict control over corruption and steady GDP growth are crucial for achieving long-term economic prosperity and sustainability. Originality: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of per capita GDP in Pakistan. It highlights both short-term and long-term impacts of macroeconomic stability and institutional quality, offering insights that can guide policymakers in promoting sustainable economic growth.
Ksenia V. Rozhkova, Sergey Yu. Roshchin, Natalya K. Yemelina, Population and Economics 2026 Vol. 10 No. 3 P. 61–81
Increasing female representation in technical majors, traditionally associated with high earnings, is recognised as a mechanism for promoting gender equality in the labour market. However, if women quit STEM soon after graduation, increasing their proportion in relevant disciplines will not help reduce the gender wage gap. This paper provides new evidence of the ‘leaky pipeline’ ...
Added: October 19, 2026
Lola I. S., Ostapkovich G. V., Asoskov D. et al., ИСИЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ, 2026.
Аналитический обзор деловых тенденций в сфере услуг в III квартале 2026 г. подготовлен Центром конъюнктурных исследований ИСИЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ. В его основу положены ежеквартальные конъюнктурные опросы руководителей организаций сферы услуг, проводимые Федеральной службой государственной статистики (Росстат). Это распространенный и действенный в международной практике статистических служб и исследовательских организаций источник информации о тенденциях циклического характера, а также метод аппроксимации ...
Added: October 19, 2026
Катаев М. В., Molodchik M., AlterEconomics (ранее - Журнал экономической теории) 2026 Т. 23 № 3 С. 719–740
В данном исследовании рассматривается связь между интеллектуальным капиталом компаний и их интернационализацией в условиях внешних шоков. В отличие от предыдущих работ, как правило, рассматривающих взаимосвязь интеллектуального капитала и интернационализации в стабильной экономике, в исследовании развиваются предположения о неоднородном влиянии шоков на компоненты интеллектуального капитала и, соответственно, различном модерационном эффекте шоков на трансформацию интеллектуального капитала в экспортную ...
Added: October 17, 2026
Бородаева В. А., Вопросы экономики 2026 № 10 С. 5–27
The paper offers a new perspective on the limit of government debt. It surveys the broad historical picture of the dynamics and character of government debt in the leading economies: the ratios of debt and debt service to GDP have risen to levels close to their half-century highs. In the regime that has taken shape ...
Added: October 16, 2026
Mozias P., Социальные и гуманитарные науки. Отечественная и зарубежная литература. Серия 9: Востоковедение и африканистика 2026 № 3 С. 197–223
Abstract. Long-standing differences in development levels between China’s coastal and inland provinces intensified during the 1980s–1990s, at the early stages of market reforms. In response, from the late 1990s the Сentral government began implementing major development initiatives such as the “Go West”, the “Revitalization of the Northeast,” and the “Rise of Central China,” while in ...
Added: October 15, 2026
Lukinskiy V., Lukinsky V., Sokolov B. et al., Annual Reviews in Control 2026 No. 62 P. 1–15
Enterprises planning material requirements must account for multiple sources of uncertainty. Considering the impact of yield uncertainty is of prime importance to decision-makers. To mitigate the effects of random yield on the continuity of manufacturing operations, we propose establishing a reserve stock to prevent shortages due to defective items within safety stock levels. If no ...
Added: October 14, 2026
Vukovic N., Krivokhizhin O., Антонова В. Д., АПК: Экономика, управление 2026 № 8 С. 89–95
One of the key roles is given to the agro-industrial complex in the global agenda of sustainable development. The leaders of the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex identify the main trends and set standards for responsible business conduct in the industry. This article is devoted to the analysis of the leaders of responsible business ...
Added: October 14, 2026
Kim J., Lee K., Industrial and Corporate Change 2026 Vol. 35 No. 5 P. 1122–1152
This study represents one of the first attempts to develop a global typology of regional innovation systems (RIS) across both advanced and catching-up economies, identifying distinct pathways for regional technological catch-up. Utilizing United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) patent citation data from 33 regions worldwide over the period 2000–2017, we construct several RIS indicators, ...
Added: October 13, 2026
Xu S., Yu H., Ren T. et al., Journal of Knowledge Management 2025 Vol. 29 No. 10 P. 3410–3436
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the role of knowledge management in enhancing urban innovation within the context of smart cities, with a particular emphasis on the function of future communities as foundational units of knowledge-driven development. It aims to distinguish the respective contributions of knowledge acquisition and knowledge sharing as input mechanisms, while examining the ...
Added: October 13, 2026
Veselova L. S., Азия и Африка сегодня 2026 № 9 С. 38–48
The article examines the consumer practices of China’s middle class in the context of the transformation of Confucian values under the influence of market reforms, urbanization, the expansion of the domestic market, and the state ideology of contemporary China. The focus is on how traditional norms of family responsibility retain their normative significance while being ...
Added: October 12, 2026
Nikulina Y., / Высшая школа экономики. Серия EC "Economics". 2026. № 1.
This paper estimates the impact of the international sanctions of 2014 and 2022, as well as the food embargo, on the technical efficiency of agricultural enterprises. The assessment was carried out using panel data from agricultural enterprises specializing in dairy production in the Leningrad Region for the period 2010–2023, employing stochastic frontier analysis. It is ...
Added: October 11, 2026
Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2026
This study reassesses whether economic globalization is compatible with carbon mitigation across nine Shanghai Cooperation Organization economies over 1997 to 2024. A sequenced panel design is applied: pre-estimation diagnostics establish cross-sectional dependence, slope heterogeneity, and mixed integration orders; fixed effects with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors provides the preferred conditional mean estimate; Hansen threshold regression, ...
Added: October 11, 2026
Торговые ограничения как инструмент международного давления (на примере импортных поставок в Россию)
Biryukova O. V., США и Канада: экономика, политика, культура 2026 Т. 10 С. 37–50
The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the application of trade restrictions as a tool of international pressure using the case of import supplies to Russia. Special attention is paid to legal conflicts within the World Trade Organization (WTO) related to the application of national security exceptions (Article XXI of the GATT), and ...
Added: October 10, 2026
М.: НИЦ Инфра-М, 2026.
This textbook synthesizes modern concepts and approaches in the field of project management and is designed for use in project management courses. The material is based on the recommendations of the International Project Management Association (IPMA) and international standards ISO 21500 and ISO 21502.
It meets the requirements of the latest generation of federal state educational ...
Added: October 10, 2026
Aleskerov F. T., Вайншток А. П., Делахова А. М. et al., Информационные процессы 2026 Т. 26 № 3 С. 895–913
The development and effective management of territorial entities are priority issues for all states, particularly in the context of the digital transformation of public administration. Over the past decade, the integration of information technologies into municipal and regional planning has significantly altered approaches to strategic development, service delivery, and public engagement. This paper describes the ...
Added: October 9, 2026
Bessonova E., Popova S., Fedulova M., Emerging Markets Review 2026 Vol. 75 Article 101564
To mitigate the shocks caused by the pandemic-related restrictions, many governments implemented extensive support measures for companies facing sharp declines in revenues. In Russia, loan guarantee programmes allowed many firms to apply for loans during the pandemic. As a result, the number of small loans soared. Participation in the loan guarantee programmes helped firms in ...
Added: October 8, 2026
Kuzminov Y., Koshel A., Kruchinskaia E., Russian Journal of Economics 2026 No. 12(3) P. 311–334
The expansion of digital platforms and ecosystems is reshaping consumption and the structure of modern markets. In the Russian context, a representative survey conducted by the authors indicates frequent online purchasing driven primarily by time savings, broader assortment and price accessibility. Platforms thus generate consumer benefits, including non-monetary gains that are not fully captured by ...
Added: October 8, 2026
Aleskerov F. T., Chaika E., Дерендяев А. Б. et al., Procedia Computer Science 2026 No. 287 P. 590–595
Under conditions of dynamic socio-economic changes, effective planning and decision-making are key factors in ensuring a high quality of life for the population in territories. This paper presents a decision support system for territorial administrations for the development and implementation of sustainable development strategies, using one of the regions of the Russian Federation – the ...
Added: October 7, 2026
ALI I., / Series "SSRN Working Paper Series". 2025.
Added: October 4, 2025
ALI I., Kumar S. V., Gusev V. D., Мир новой экономики 2024 Vol. 18 No. 3 P. 96–113
This research paper examines the determinants of inflation in Pakistan from 1991 to 2022. It focuses on key macroeconomic variables such as imports, GDP growth rate, GDP per capita, military expenditure, population growth, total debt service, and unemployment. The primary objective is to analyze the impact of these variables on inflation and provide policymakers with ...
Added: October 3, 2025
Mitko A., Nuzhdina S., Пуляева Е. В. et al., Вопросы теологии 2025 Т. 7 № 1 С. 104–127
The importance of the value aspect in Russian legislation and the mechanisms for its implementation in modern geopolitical conditions are analyzed in the article. It is noted that the change in value paradigms in a number of countries predetermined the adoption of measures to ensure national security through the preservation of Russian identity and the traditional way of life of Russian society. Special attention is paid to the fundamentals of state ...
Added: May 5, 2025
Малкина М. Ю., Овчинников В. Н., Kholodilin K., Журнал институциональных исследований 2020 Т. 12 № 4 С. 77–93
The aim of this study is to analyze and assess the impact of institutional factors on political trust in various levels of government (federal, regional and local) in modern Russia.
Data and methods. The study is based on microdata from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) “Life in Transition Survey” (LiTS). We examined such ...
Added: October 30, 2020
Timofeyev Y., Timofeyeva G., International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering 2012 Vol. 6 No. 3 P. 330–337
In the paper it is questioned whether effective state social policy provides happiness and social progress. For this purpose selected correlations between Human Development Index (HDI), share of public social expenditures in GDP, the Happy Planet Index (HPI), GDP per capita, and Government Effectiveness are examined and the results are graphically presented. It is shown ...
Added: September 27, 2018
Gaponova O., Korshunov I., Вопросы образования 2017 № 4 С. 36–59
На основе статистических данных анализируются показатели охвата взрослого населения стран Евросоюза, ОЭСР и России формальным и дополнительным образованием в зависимости от основных экономических характеристик развития территорий, а также от индекса эффективности работы правительства, используемого всемирным банком для оценки качества госуправления на протяжении последних 20 лет. Для стран с невысоким валовым внутренним продуктом наблюдается линейная зависимость ...
Added: December 22, 2017