Централизация муниципальных полномочий в сфере градостроительной деятельности: к глобальной дискуссии о роли локализма в управлении развитием территорий

Городские исследования и практики. 2025. Т. 10. № 1. С. 21–37.

Babeykin R., Гудзь Т. В., Самоловских Н. В.

The problem of finding a balance between centralization and decentralization of urban planning (territorial planning and land use regulation) remains relevant for many countries in the world. Russia today is a striking case of centralization of municipal powers in the field of urban planning at the regional level, as a result of which municipalities lose the ability to control the development of their territory. At the same time, different centralization practices are developing in Russian regions: in different parts of the country, powers are redistributed for different periods and in different volumes. The authors hypothesize that despite similar prerequisites for reforming the regulatory system in this area, the mechanism implemented in Russia has no analogues in foreign countries. The authors conduct a comparative study of four countries (the United States of America, France, Great Britain, and Russia) in order to identify the specifics of the process of centralization of powers in the field of urban planning in Russia and its relationship with the global context of the evolution of foreign systems. The results obtained indicate the similarity of the reasons and prerequisites for changing the approach to organizing regulatory systems in countries considered. However, the process in Russia has its own specifics and necessitates continuing the debate regarding the role of regions in matters of managing the spatial development of municipalities.

Keywords: градостроительная деятельность, urban planning, разграничение и перераспределение полномочий, централизация управления, localism, redistribution of powers, devolution of powers, локализм, деволюция полномочий, изъятие полномочий, centralization of governance, decentralization theory, revocation of powers, теория децентрализации

Publication based on the results of: Methodology for monitoring of rule-making and law enforcement practice in the field of urban planning (2023)