Представления прародителей о самостоятельности младших школьников и младших подростков: опыт бабушек

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2024. № 6. С. 99–121.

Tsyganova E., Nisskaya A.

Carrying out regulatory, integrative and socializing functions, and being part of the family system, grandparents act as bearers of ideas about autonomy, directly or indirect-ly influencing its formation in children. Having experience of living in different time periods and observing social and cultural changes in Russian society, grandparents can represent-atively reproduce the transformation of ideas about autonomy. This study aimed at exam-ining grandparental beliefs about children's autonomy in the past and present. The con-venience  sample  included  14  grandmoth-ers  of  younger  schoolchildren  aged  7—10  (n  =    7)  and  younger  adolescents  aged  11—14 (n = 7). All the informants were aged 53 to 76 (M = 65.27; SD = 7.72), interacted with their grandchildren on a regular basis (several times a month, shared weekends, vacations) but not lived with them at the time of the study. While processing the empirical data, the authors ap-plied thematic data analysis (in a post-positiv-ist paradigm).

The structure of autonomy as a construct and its deviation according to the age of the grand-children were replicated according to the be-liefs of the grandparents. The assumptions about the inclusion of two aspects of auton-omy  in  the  definition  of  autonomy  —  inde-pendence and volitional functioning — were confirmed. Own autonomy (in the past) was characterized  as  "non-autonomy  and  disci-pline",  autonomy  of  the  second  generation  was described through the same behavioral characteristics. The autonomy of modern chil-dren had new characteristics: the ability to re-sist the temptations of the environment, to multitask (attending clubs and sections) and the ability to find useful information on the In-ternet. In terms of mobility, the autonomy of the third generation seemed more structured than that of previous generations. Thus, grand-parents noted changes in the structure of per-ceived autonomy of third-generation children, but not in the autonomy of second-generation children compared to their own autonomy at the corresponding age

Keywords: представления, autonomy, независимость, independence, самостоятельность, beliefs, прародители, grandparents, volitional functioning, волевое функционирование