Включенность россиян в образовательные практики, формирующие человеческий капитал

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2024. № 4(182). С. 148–169.

Slobodenyuk E., Karavay A., Mareeva S.

The population's investment in human capital is usually measured by estimating expenditure on educational services. However, this approach has its limitations, including the fact that investments may be of time rather than of financial nature. In this study, we turn to the analysis of the participation of the adult population in a wide range of educational practices, and then focus only on those aimed at improving skills and knowledge that potentially yield returns in the labor market and can therefore be interpreted as investments in human capital. The empirical basis of the analysis is the data from the Rosstat project “Sample Survey of Population Participation in Continuing Education” for 2020. The results of the study show that participation in a number of educational practices is not so widespread among Russians; participation in those practices that are associated with investments in the human capital is even less common. Moreover, not all of them are perceived as such by the population itself. The results of the regression analysis show that the involvement in improving one's professional level is largely determined by the peculiarities of the employee's position in the labor market and the “requirements of the profession” — the level of education, its specialization, professional position; this choice is also influenced by external factors of a structural nature related to the characteristics of the enterprise and the industry, as well as the specifics of local labor markets.

Keywords: educational practices, образовательные практики, инвестиции в человеческий капитал, human capital investments, неравенство на рынке труда, inequality on labor market