• A
  • A
  • A
  • АБВ
  • АБВ
  • АБВ
  • A
  • A
  • A
  • A
  • A
Обычная версия сайта
  • RU
  • EN
  • HSE University
  • Publications
  • Articles
  • Это сладкое слово «фрилансер»
  • RU
  • EN
Расширенный поиск
Высшая школа экономики
Национальный исследовательский университет
Priority areas
  • business informatics
  • economics
  • engineering science
  • humanitarian
  • IT and mathematics
  • law
  • management
  • mathematics
  • sociology
  • state and public administration
by year
  • 2028
  • 2027
  • 2026
  • 2025
  • 2024
  • 2023
  • 2022
  • 2021
  • 2020
  • 2019
  • 2018
  • 2017
  • 2016
  • 2015
  • 2014
  • 2013
  • 2012
  • 2011
  • 2010
  • 2009
  • 2008
  • 2007
  • 2006
  • 2005
  • 2004
  • 2003
  • 2002
  • 2001
  • 2000
  • 1999
  • 1998
  • 1997
  • 1996
  • 1995
  • 1994
  • 1993
  • 1992
  • 1991
  • 1990
  • 1989
  • 1988
  • 1987
  • 1986
  • 1985
  • 1984
  • 1983
  • 1982
  • 1981
  • 1980
  • 1979
  • 1978
  • 1977
  • 1976
  • 1975
  • 1974
  • 1973
  • 1972
  • 1971
  • 1970
  • 1969
  • 1968
  • 1967
  • 1966
  • 1965
  • 1964
  • 1963
  • 1958
  • More
Subject
News
September 17, 2026
'I Wish That People Would Place Greater Trust in Science'
When Tatiana Eremicheva chose Fundamental and Computational Linguistics as her field of study, she thought it would be about learning languages. Instead, she discovered it was about helping people. In this interview for the HSE Young Scientists project, she discusses science as a way of understanding the world, billiards as a team-building activity, and why learning to read is not always as easy as it seems.
September 15, 2026
Immunity to Chaos: How Personal Resources Help Us Cope with the Challenges of a Turbulent World
International conflicts, crises and digital overload—the modern world puts our minds to the test every day. Traditional psychology often focuses on the consequences: anxiety, depression, and psychosomatic disorders. But what if we looked at the problem differently—through the lens of the resources that prevent us from breaking down? Psychological immunity is precisely this set of resources. Alena Zolotareva and her group, Psychological Immunity as a Resource for Positive Functioning, are developing an integrative model of this phenomenon, adapting diagnostic tools and preparing for large-scale empirical research. Why do psychologists need to collaborate with medical professionals, and how could their research transform preventive care in clinics and corporations?
September 11, 2026
How to Assess Students Knowledge in the Age of AI
A researcher at HSE University has proposed a flowchart to help lecturers decide how to assess students who use artificial intelligence. It shows where the use of AI should be restricted and where it can be incorporated into the learning process. The article has been published in IT Professional.

 

Have you spotted a typo?
Highlight it, click Ctrl+Enter and send us a message. Thank you for your help!

Publications
  • Books
  • Articles
  • Chapters of books
  • Working papers
  • Report a publication
  • Research at HSE

?

Это сладкое слово «фрилансер»

Мир России: Социология, этнология. 2023. Т. 32. № 4. С. 199–207.
Barsukova S.

The book by Strebkov and Shevchuk, published in 2022, “What do we know about freelancers? The Sociology of Free Employment” is devoted to the increasingly popular form of non-standard employment of independent professionals. The authors exclude representatives of physical labor, limiting freelancers to those whose activities are limited to the processing and creative use of information. The book is written mainly on the basis of surveys conducted in 2009, 2011, 2014, and 2019 on a remote employment platform, where customers and providers find each other. The book is the most complete empirical description of the activities of freelancers. The authorities have successfully fought against informal employment at large enterprises and even taxable self-employment has turned from isolated cases into a mass phenomenon. How are things with the legalization of freelancers? In order to assess the scale of informality of freelancers, the questionnaire included a question about how transactions between the customer and the contractor are executed. It turned out that no more than 15% of freelancers use written contracts

Research target: Sociology (including Demography and Anthropology
Language: Russian
Full text
DOI
Text on another site
Keywords: фрилансерынеформальная занятостьinformal employmentсамозанятыеfreelancersself-employmentбиржи удаленной работыgig economyлегализация рынка труда
Similar publications
Формула победы или рецепт неудачи: что определяет результативность гражданского участия при защите исторических объектов в российских городах?
Шамшура К. А., Журнал социологии и социальной антропологии 2026 Т. 29 № 2 С. 170–204
The article examines the conditions that influence the outcomes of civic participation in the protection of historical sites in Russian cities. It is based on the political opportunity structure theory, which suggests that structural conditions that shape the political opportunity structure have the greatest impact on the outcome of collective action. Drawing on the literature ...
Added: September 17, 2026
Gender Attitudes at the In-dividual and Societal Level as Factors of Subjective Well-Being: Comparative Analysis
Догузов А. В., Almakaeva A., Nastina E. et al., Monitoring Obshchestvennogo Mneniya: Ekonomichekie i Sotsial'nye Peremeny 2026 No. 4 P. 3–24
This paper examines the relation-ship between gender attitudes and subjec-tive well-being, focusing on life satisfaction as its core indicator. It covers both individual and country-level gender attitudes and tests whether a mismatch between them affects in-dividual well-being. The analysis draws on the 7th wave of the World Values Survey, covering 55 countries. Gender attitudes are captured ...
Added: September 15, 2026
Структура потребления табачных и никотинсодержащих изделий среди взрослых в Российской Федерации: репрезентативные исследования 2019–2024 гг.
Салагай О. О., Сахарова Г. М., Антонов Н. С. et al., Здоровье населения и среда обитания 2026 Т. 34 № 6 С. 7-17
Introduction: Tobacco and nicotine use is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, malignant neoplasms, and a severe course of infectious diseases. This factor, however, is manageable and can be modified through prevention programs allowing for trends and specifics of the use of tobacco and nicotine products. Objective: To analyze patterns of tobacco and nicotine product use among the ...
Added: September 15, 2026
Структура потребления табачных и никотинсодержащих изделий участниками СВО
Салагай О. О., Сахарова Г. М., Антонов Н. С. et al., Медицинский вестник Юга России 2026 Т. 17 № 2 С. 109–119
Objective: analysis of the structure and characteristics of the consumption of various types of tobacco and nicotine-containing products by Veterans. Materials and methods: the analysis was carried out based on the results of a survey of Veterans using a developed questionnaire. The survey was conducted at the offices of the Defenders of the Fatherland Foundation. The proportions ...
Added: September 15, 2026
Репродуктивные намерения и когортная рождаемость россиянок с разным уровнем образования по данным из разных источников
Churilova E., Chertenkov K., Andreev E. M., Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены 2026 № 4 С. 185–206
The study compares the average expected number of children and completed cohort fertility both in general and by educational level across generations of Russian women born in 1950–1979. The data on completed cohort fertility comes from the Russian Fertility Database of the HSE University and the All-Russian Population Census 2020; the data on the expected ...
Added: September 14, 2026
Среди разных: локальная этническая гетерогенность и доверие людям другой национальности в России
Kazun A., Социологические исследования 2026 № 8 С. 116–128
Аннотация. В международной и российской литературе остается дискуссионным вопрос о том, подрывает ли этническое разнообразие социальную сплоченность или, напротив, создает условия для межгруппового доверия. В статье анализируется статистическая связь между этнической структурой населенного пункта и доверием его жителей к людям другой национальности. Эмпирической основой работы выступает массовый онлайн- опрос взрослого населения России 2024 г., дополненный ...
Added: September 14, 2026
Устойчивость в нарративах креативной молодежи Северного Кавказа на примере Пятигорска и Нальчика
Бемлер Е. С., Хмельницкая Я. Е., Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены 2026 Т. 194 № 4 С. 96–120
The article presents a study of resil­ience strategies of creative youth in the North Caucasus using the example of Pyatigorsk and Nalchik. The theoretical framework of the study combines a processual understanding of re­silience with an interpretation of locality as a subjectively constructed connection to place, allowing for an analysis of the resilience of cre­ative ...
Added: September 14, 2026
Постаграрность: альтернативная перспектива для сельских территорий Центральной России
Pokrovsky N., Shilova V. A., Buchatskii A., Вестник Института социологии 2026 Т. 17 № 1 С. 156–182
This article provides a theoretical justification for the concept of post-agrarianism as a promising analytical framework for analyzing the current state and development potential of rural territories in Central Russia. The authors argue that the Russian countryside is undergoing a profound, multifaceted transformation involving the replacement of traditional labor-intensive agriculture with high-tech agricultural holdings, the ...
Added: September 13, 2026
Дифференциация рождаемости в России в зависимости от уровня образования женщин
Chertenkov K., Вопросы статистики 2026 Т. 33 № 4 С. 80–89
В статье рассматривается дифференциация итоговой рождаемости в зависимости от уровня образования женщин. Используются данные Всероссийских переписей населения 2010 и 2020 гг., а также Всесоюзной переписи населения 1989 г. Применяются методы когортного анализа, включающие расчет среднего числа рожденных детей, доли бездетных и доли матерей, родивших трех и более детей, для реальных женских поколений 1930–1981 годов рождения. ...
Added: September 12, 2026
The Adaptation of Russian Students to Chinese Higher Education:A Mixed-Methods Study
Tikhomirova A., Chowdhury M. A., Мир России: Социология, этнология 2026 Vol. 35 No. 4 P. 98–117
Cooperation between Russia and China in the field of education has expanded significantly. In 2026, the number of Russian students studying in China reached 21,000. However, empirical evidence shows that students face many difficulties adapting to the new environment. Given the growing popularity of Chinese universities among Russian students, the present study aimed to identify the factors and mechanisms ...
Added: September 11, 2026
Beyond mutual gains and conflicting outcomes: a functional ambivalence perspective on high-performance work systems
Evgeniya Balabanova, Koveshnikov A., Ehrnrooth M., Employee Relations 2026 Vol. 48 No. 9 P. 272–297
Purpose – To shed new light on the nature and influence of high-performance work systems (HPWS), this study investigates the relationships between ability-, motivation- and opportunity-enhancing (AMO) bundles of HPWS and employee psychological well-being – measured as work engagement – via two psychological pathways: employee self-efficacy and emotional exhaustion. Design/methodology/approach – The study analyzes data from ...
Added: September 11, 2026
From Self-Interest to Collective Good: How Moral Framing Affects the Justification of Free-Riding Behavior
Tormos R., Nastina E., Journal of Social and Political Psychology 2026 Vol. 14 No. 1 P. 304–329
Free riding behaviors, such as tax evasion and exploiting public resources, erode societal trust and cooperation. Using a representative survey conducted in Spain (N = 2,000, Catalonia) with an embedded experiment that randomly exposed participants to different moral framings, this study examines how such framings shape attitudes towards free riding, including tax evasion, claiming undeserved ...
Added: September 8, 2026
How Norms Depend on the Presence and Status of Observers: The Relational Contingency of Everyday Behaviors in 90 Societies
Simpson B., Eriksson K., Vartanova I. et al., American Sociological Review 2026 Vol. 0 No. 0 P. 1–22
Norms are fundamental to social life, but basic questions about how they are affected by social context remain. Specifically, how do normative constraints depend on the presence and status of observers, and how do such relational contingencies vary across cultures? Using data from more than 25,000 individuals across 90 societies, we test several hypotheses linking ...
Added: September 8, 2026
XXVI Апрельская международная научная конференция имени Е. Г. Ясина. Сессия «Нестандартные формы потребления: роль технологий, эмоций и морали»
Lebedeva D., Экономическая социология 2026 Т. 27 № 3 С. 91–98
On April 14, 2026, the session ‘Non-Standard Forms of Consumption: The Role of Technology, Emotions, and Morality’ was held as part of the XXVI April International Academic Conference named after Evgeny Yasin. The session focused on forms of consumer behaviour that fall outside the conventional rational choice model, bringing together researchers from economic sociology, psychology, ...
Added: September 7, 2026
Факторы устойчивой интеграции университетских музеев в образовательный процесс
Rossinskaya A., Борусяк Л. Ф., Киктева К. С. et al., Высшее образование в России 2026 Т. 35 № 7 С. 144–168
Статья посвящена анализу образовательной деятельности университетских музеев России. Актуальность исследования обусловлена противоречием между высоким образовательным потенциалом музеев и фрагментарностью его реализации, а также отсутствием в литературе системного анализа условий интеграции музеев в учебный процесс высшей школы. Несмотря на признание музеев важными центрами сохранения наследия и популяризации науки, вопрос об их реальной включённости в повседневную образовательную жизнь вузов ...
Added: September 6, 2026
Что такое Свобода? Свобода воли, свободы личности, конституционная модель и законодательное регулирование
Момджян К. Х., Кржевов В. С., Poddiakov A. et al., М.: Новые печатные технологии, 2025.
При всей кажущейся ясности и недвусмысленности понятия «свобода» дать ему исчерпывающую научную дефиницию весьма затруднительно. У каждой отрасли знания свой подход к трактовке этого многоаспектного понятия. В ходе обсуждения, материалы которого вошли в настоящий сборник, свобода рассматривается с позиций философии, социологии, юриспруденции, психологии, нейрофизиологии и т.д. Участники дискуссии рассуждают о границах свободы воли и субъектности человека, о соотношении свободы и ...
Added: September 6, 2026
Новые практики Дня Победы: макросоциологическое объяснение
Titkov A. S., Фольклор и антропология города 2019 № 1-2 С. 206–229
New Victory Day’s celebration practices, mostly St. George’s ribbons and The Immortal Regiment marches, are explained by dynamics of macrosociological variances. Main structural elements of Victory Day celebrations during Soviet period were: (1) distinctive role of veterans as the “carrier group” for festive scenario and values; (2) combination of public rituals and family memory, patriotic solidarity and commemoration of tragedy. Generational ...
Added: September 4, 2026
Призрак советского человека
Titkov A. S., Социология власти 2019 Т. 31 № 4 С. 53–94
This article reconstructs the theoretical logic underlying the "Soviet Man" research project by Yuri Levada's group. Based on the project's publications, it reconstructs an "early" model, which includes a set of attitudes toward the "antinomies" of the Soviet system, and a later model, which emphasizes a set of adaptive characteristics ("adapted," "two-faced," etc.). It elucidates the empirical ...
Added: September 4, 2026
Пульс недемократии?
Titkov A. S., Социологическое обозрение 2021 Т. 20 № 1 С. 262–289
The article continues the discussion of Grigory Yudin’s book 'Public Opinion'. The review considers Yudin’s arguments on the “plebiscitarian bias” in opinion-poll technology, on the linkages between opinion-polls, Rousseauist tradition and the “plebiscitarian model”, and on Gallup’s, Schumpeter’s, and Weber’s contributions to plebiscitarism. In the context of the proposed conceptual model, controversial issues in the interpretation of Weber’s and ...
Added: September 4, 2026
Зомби, или Триумф коллективной воли
Titkov A. S., Логос 2024 Т. 34 № 4 С. 184–202
Sociological texts on zombies are mostly interested in human problems (capitalism, pop culture, etc), not in zombies as such. Zombies as a specific form of (non) life remain a blindspot for sociologists. Scientists of other disciplines, like epidemiology and neurosciences, have already declared their ways for studying zombies. Our task is to outline the concepts ...
Added: September 4, 2026
Внедрение новых международных стандартов статистики неформальной экономики в практику Росстата: проблемы и перспективы
Lukyanova A., Demyanova A., Talakauskas D., Экономический журнал Высшей школы экономики 2026 Т. 30 № 2 С. 313–343
The paper examines methodological challenges of measuring informality following major revisions of international statistical standards. It analyses the Resolution concerning statistics on the informal economy adopted by the 21st International Conference of Labor Statisticians (2023) and offers practical recommendations for implementing this framework in the official statistics of the Russian Federation (Rosstat). Methodologically, the study ...
Added: June 28, 2026
Влияние искусственного интеллекта на профессиональную деятельность фрилансеров
Strebkov D., Социологические исследования 2026 № 2 С. 35–47
The article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the professional activities of Russian-speaking freelancers engaged in creative and intellectual fields. Based on data from online surveys conducted in 2024 and 2025 on the platform Freelance.ru, the research reveals the dynamics of AI usage, the primary tasks assigned to neural networks, and the advantages ...
Added: April 20, 2026
Трудовые ресурсы и рынок труда в агропромышленном комплексе Российской Федерации: современное состояние и тенденции развития
Mitrofanov S. V., Экономика труда 2025 Т. 12 № 11
В статье представлен комплексный анализ системных проблем развития трудовых ресурсов и рынка труда в агропромышленном комплексе России. На основе данных Росстата за 1991-2023 годы выявлены ключевые тенденции: сокращение численности занятых в сельском хозяйстве более чем в два раза, усиление региональной дифференциации и нарастание структурных дисбалансов. Особое внимание уделено институциональной трансформации рынка труда, проявляющейся в архаизации ...
Added: April 19, 2026
Модель оценки устойчивости кадрового обеспечения агропромышленного комплекса
Mitrofanov S. V., Экономика, предпринимательство и право 2025 Т. 15 № 11 С. 7889–7906
В условиях системного кризиса сельских территорий России, обусловленного демографической депопуляцией, деградацией социальной инфраструктуры и устойчивым оттоком молодёжи, традиционные подходы к оценке кадрового обеспечения агропромышленного комплекса (АПК) утрачивают валидность. В статье представлена оригинальная модель AGRI-CORE (Agricultural Workforce Capacity, Optimization and Resilience Evaluation), основанная на принципе пороговых (non-compensatory) условий устойчивости. Модель включает три уровня анализа: пороговый (проверка ...
Added: April 6, 2026
  • About
  • About
  • Key Figures & Facts
  • Sustainability at HSE University
  • Faculties & Departments
  • International Partnerships
  • Faculty & Staff
  • HSE Buildings
  • HSE University for Persons with Disabilities
  • Public Enquiries
  • Studies
  • Admissions
  • Programme Catalogue
  • Undergraduate
  • Graduate
  • Exchange Programmes
  • Summer University
  • Summer Schools
  • Semester in Moscow
  • Business Internship
  • Research
  • International Laboratories
  • Research Centres
  • Research Projects
  • Monitoring Studies
  • Conferences & Seminars
  • Academic Jobs
  • Yasin (April) International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development
  • Media & Resources
  • Publications by staff
  • HSE Journals
  • Publishing House
  • iq.hse.ru: commentary by HSE experts
  • Library
  • Economic & Social Data Archive
  • Video
  • HSE Repository of Socio-Economic Information
  • HSE1993–2026
  • Contacts
  • Copyright
  • Privacy Policy
  • Site Map
Edit