Рынок промышленной робототехники в России под санкциями: в поиске драйверов спроса и предложения

ЭКО. 2024. Т. 54. № 2. С. 91–107.

Fedyunina A., Gorodnyi N., Simachev Y. V.

As a result of the imposition of strict sanctions on the Russian economy, several Russian high-tech markets have faced significant challenges. One of them is the Russian industrial robotics market, from which leading foreign players have withdrawn, and imports from several top robot-producing countries have been prohibited. The situation is further complicated by the fact that, although Russia has had robot production since Soviet times, it still maintains a developing and immature character. All of this defines the issues addressed in this article, which aims to discuss the potential drivers of growth for the domestic robotics market and the conditions under which these drivers can be realized.

It is demonstrated that despite its relatively small size, the Russian robotics market experienced relatively rapid growth before the serious sanctions were imposed in the years 2016-2021. Leading growth rates in demand for industrial robots were observed in the chemical industry, electronics production, and automotive manufacturing. Despite its small capacity, the market structure was heavily dependent on the presence of only a few foreign manufacturers. Alongside significant challenges, it is also shown that the sanctions had a revitalizing effect, with indications of diversification of players in 2022.

Among the potential market drivers, the entry of new foreign manufacturers and the filling of vacant niches by domestic enterprises are highlighted. To realize these drivers, the importance of predictable policies and the creation of conditions for industrial automation, along with the support of human capital development in the robotics industry, is emphasized.

Keywords: российская экономика, санкции, робототехника, sanctions, robots, Russian economy, industrial robots, промышленные роботы, economic effects of sanctions, эффекты санкций

Publication based on the results of: Масштабы, особенности и эффекты роботизации в России и за рубежом (2022)