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Геракл как плохой ученик: особенности куррикулума для древнегреческого героя
The article analyzes the images of Heracles-student, which are present in the texts of ancient authors and on ceramics of VI–V centuries BC and give an idea of the curriculum for the ancient Greek hero. The educational
path of the hero is the least studied part of the history of ancient pedagogical culture, despite the great attention of ancient authors to the biography of Heracles and the extensive tradition of discussing his exploits. The uniqueness
of the birth of Heracles, the paradox of double paternity, and the more complex position between mortals and immortals than other heroes, is also indicated by Homer. Since Heracles begins to act like a hero already in childhood, ancient authors describe him as a small adult who does not need too much care from his mother Alcmene and foster father Amphitryon. As Heracles grew older, his educational path probably lined up in the logic of the educational program for the aristocrat of his time, which necessarily assumed the presence of many mentors. Narrative and visual traditions allow us to say that Heracles the student was far from always successful and organically integrated into the educational space of the city. The curriculum for Heracles is described by Theocritus and Apollodorus, naming, respectively, six or five teachers and the spheres to which they introduced Heracles. The propensity for violence and the constant desire to turn force into law led to the fact that paideia for a person turned out to be of little use for training and educating such a hero as Heracles. He killed three of his mentors and became the personification of an impulsive and not very educated person: an ideal hero, but not an ideal student.