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Shared genetic influences on adolescent body mass index and brain structure: A voxel-based morphometry study in twins
Neuroimage. 2019. Vol. 199. P. 261–272.
Kennedy J. T., Astafiev S. V., Korucuoglu O., Anokhin A. P., Golosheykin S.
Background: Previous research has demonstrated significant relationships between obesity and brain structure. Both phenotypes are heritable, but it is not known whether they are influenced by common genetic factors. We investigated the genetic etiology of the relationship between individual variability in brain morphology and BMIz using structural MRI in adolescent twins. Method: The sample (n = 258) consisted of 54 monozygotic and 75 dizygotic twin pairs (mean(SD) age = 13.61(0.505), BMIz = 0.608(1.013). Brain structure (volume and density of gray and white matter) was assessed using VBM. Significant voxelwise heritability of brain structure was established using the Accelerated Permutation inference for ACE models (APACE) program, with structural heritability varying from 15 to 97%, depending on region. Bivariate heritability analyses were carried out comparing additive genetic and unique environment models with and without shared genetics on BMIz and the voxels showing significant heritability in the APACE analyses. Results: BMIz was positively related to gray matter volume in the brainstem and thalamus and negatively related to gray matter volume in the bilateral uncus and medial orbitofrontal cortex, gray matter density in the cerebellum, prefrontal lobe, temporal lobe, and limbic system, and white matter density in the brainstem. Bivariate heritability analyses showed that BMIz and brain structure share ∼1/3 of their genes and that ∼95% of the phenotypic correlation between BMIz and brain structure is due to shared additive genetic influences. These regions included areas related to decision-making, motivation, liking vs. wanting, taste, interoception, reward processing/learning, caloric evaluation, and inhibition. Conclusion: These results suggested genetic factors are responsible for the relationship between BMIz and heritable BMIz related brain structure in areas related to eating behavior.
Liapin G., Vlassov V., DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2026 Vol. 8 Article 100317
Objectives
Due to the economic growth at the end of the 20th century, people in low-income countries live longer but still spend most of their income on food. These countries, as well as affluent countries, demonstrate a rising prevalence of obesity. The interplay of longevity and obesity at different levels of economic development is not clear.
Methods
We ...
Added: June 29, 2026
Kolosnitsyna M., Deeva A., Вопросы экономики 2026 № 7 С. 92–108
This article presents the assessment of gross domestic product (GDP) losses in Russia resulting from mortality attributable to overweight-related diseases. The study is performed on multiple data sources, including overweight-related mortality rates, demographic indicators and labour market characteristics, i.e., employment structure, total mortality and population size subject to age and gender, and also Russia’s GDP ...
Added: June 3, 2026
Deeva A., Applied Econometrics 2025 No. 4(80) P. 47–67
This paper investigates the influence of Body-Mass-Index (BMI) on the earnings of men and women. The aim is to identify weight — wage discrimination in the Russian labour market, which results in overweight and obese people earning significantly less than normal weight workers. The study is conducted using a panel dataset from the Russian Longitudinal ...
Added: October 2, 2025
Azyrkin P., Отечественная и зарубежная педагогика 2025 Т. 1 № 4(107) С. 178–191
The article is focused on the study of the phenomenon of bullying in institutions of additional education for children. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence and specifics of bullying in extracurricular activities, as well as the factors contributing to victimization. Within the framework of the study, 319 teachers of additional education ...
Added: August 28, 2025
Stafeev I., Agareva M., Michurina S. et al., American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2025 Vol. 329 No. 1 P. 86–101
Background: One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) represents a novel less invasive bariatric surgery technique which can significantly improve systemic metabolism and adipose tissue health in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Previously, we demonstrated that T2DM impairs proliferation and differentiation of adipose tissue progenitors. Methods: Obese patients with T2DM (N=10) underwent clinical examination and subcutaneous fat biopsy during bariatric ...
Added: June 18, 2025
Ng M., Gakidou E., Lo J. et al., The Lancet 2025 Vol. 405 No. 10481 P. 813–838
Background
Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic. Forecasting future trajectories of the epidemic is crucial for providing an evidence base for policy change. In this study, we examine the historical trends of the global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity from 1990 to 2021 and forecast the future trajectories to 2050.
Methods
Leveraging established ...
Added: March 9, 2025
Kerr J. A., Cini K. I., Patton G. C. et al., The Lancet 2025 Vol. 405 No. 10481 P. 785–812
Background
Despite the well documented consequences of obesity during childhood and adolescence and future risks of excess body mass on non-communicable diseases in adulthood, coordinated global action on excess body mass in early life is still insufficient. Inconsistent measurement and reporting are a barrier to specific targets, resource allocation, and interventions. In this Article we report ...
Added: March 7, 2025
Berseneva A., Kovalenko E., Vergasova E. et al., European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2023 No. 77 P. 574–578
Overweight is the scourge of modern society and a major risk factor for many diseases. For this reason, understanding the genetic component predisposing to high body mass index (BMI) seems to be an important task along with preventive measures aimed at improving eating behavior and increasing physical activity. ...
Added: March 4, 2025
Perelygin V., Kamelin A., Syzrantsev N. et al., Frontiers in Medicine 2025 Vol. 11 Article 1479717
Polygenic risk score (PRS) prediction is widely used to assess the risk of diagnosis and progression of many diseases. Routinely, the weights of individual SNPs are estimated by the linear regression model that assumes independent and linear contribution of each SNP to the phenotype. However, for complex multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, cardiovascular ...
Added: March 4, 2025
Stafeev I I., Boldyreva M., Michurina S. et al., Cells 2022 Vol. 11 No. 23 Article 3824
Background: Combined non-viral gene therapy (GT) of ischemia and cardiovascular disease is a promising tool for potential clinical translation. In previous studies our group has developed combined gene therapy by vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) + hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Our recent works have demonstrated that a bicistronic pDNA that carries both human HGF and VEGF165 coding sequences ...
Added: February 26, 2025
Valeriia A. Kondratenko, Journal of Adolescence 2025 Vol. 97 No. 4 P. 1014–1025
Introduction. Research indicates that parental behaviors shape adolescents' alcohol consumption, but it is unclear whether mothers or fathers have a more significant impact and how this relationship varies by sex and developmental stage. This study examines the effects of parental alcohol consumption patterns on adolescents in Russia using a large representative sample.
Methods. The study employs ...
Added: February 3, 2025
Лебедева Е. И., Филиппу О. Ю., Виленская Г. А. et al., Социальная психология и общество 2023 Т. 14 № 3 С. 99–117
Objective. Analysis of differences in social cognition skills (theory of mind) and Machiavellianism in adolescents with different levels of popularity and preference among peers.
Background. Despite the possible consensus on the positive relationship of high social cognition skills and successful socialization, it remains important to study how theory of mind and manipulative behavior are involved in the popularity ...
Added: December 28, 2024
Bochaver A. A., Хломов К. Д., Андрианова Р. А. et al., М.: Институт изучения детства, семьи и воспитания Российской академии образования, 2022.
В монографии представлены результаты научного исследования в области возрастной, юридической, педагогической и клинической психологии и педагогики, направленного на изучение особенностей реализации концепции комплексной профилактики агрессивного поведения в образовательной среде. Полезна административным работникам системы общего и среднего профессионального образования, психологам, педагогам, специалистам по социальной работе, тьюторам, классным руководителям: 1) при составлении методических рекомендаций по обеспечению процесса ...
Added: August 31, 2024
Korshunov D., В кн.: Психология XXI века: Психологические исследования и психологические технологии современности: Сборник материалов XVII Международной научно-практической конференции 25–26 ноября 2021 г.: СПб.: Ленинградский государственный университет имени А.С. Пушкина, 2022. С. 102–109.
The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that currently in Russian schools it is a common practice to form specialized classes, the distribution of which often occurs in the fifth grade. Teenagers are trained according to certain programs and in specially formed groups. Such training has a double meaning: on the one ...
Added: June 19, 2024
Churilova E., Rodina O., Population and Economics 2024 Vol. 8 No. 1 P. 97–114
Based on data from the 2021 Sample Population Health Survey, the paper assesses the prevalence and socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors of pre-obesity and obesity among the adult population of Russia. A standard approach for epidemiological studies was used: body weight was assessed using the Body Mass Index (BMI). The influence of risk factors was ...
Added: March 29, 2024
Derkach K., Maxim A. Gureev, Babushkina A. et al., International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023 Vol. 24 No. 5 Article 4498
Dual inhibitors of protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B)/T-cell protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP) based on the 3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydrocinnoline scaffold have been identified. Their dual affinity to both enzymes has been thoroughly corroborated by in silico modeling experiments. The compounds have been profiled in vivo for their effects on body weight and food intake in obese rats. Likewise, ...
Added: February 1, 2024
Kadieva D., Gallo F., Ulanov M. et al., Genes and Cells 2023 Vol. 18 No. 4 P. 331–339
BACKGROUND: Obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is paralysis of the upper limb resulting from nerve injury during vaginal delivery. Although current treatment approaches frequently lead to complete reinnervation of the limb, some patients show long-term motor deficits. These impairments may result from upper limb disuse that causes structural brain changes.
AIM: This study aimed to compare deep gray ...
Added: December 18, 2023
Mikhaylova O., Journal of Adolescent Research 2025 Vol. 40 No. 6 P. 1434–1455
Aims. This study aimed to explore Russian young people’s perceptions of autonomy and the sources of these perceptions.
Demographics. Thirty participants (16 female and 14 male) aged 11-24. Thirteen were Muscovites and 17 were from other Russian cities.
Setting. Online
Methodology. Semi-structured interviews conducted in summer of 2022.
Analysis. Thematic analysis.
Findings. The majority of participants perceived autonomous actions in ...
Added: October 25, 2023
Yerofeyeva V., Bochaver A. A., Tsyganova E., Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены 2023 № 4(176) С. 239–261
Based on the psychological theories of separationindividuation and selfdetermination, the article proposes a conceptualization of “autonomy” as independence and volitional functioning. While independence is the ability to act without help of other people, the volitional functioning is behavior in accordance with one's own values and interests. This theoretical framework is new for the Russian context and ...
Added: October 7, 2023
Polikanova I., Балан П. В., Балан В. Е., Российский вестник акушера-гинеколога 2023 Т. 23 № 4 С. 96–103
Obstetrician-gynecologist, as well as doctor of any other specialty, is a psychologist to some extent. At the same time obstetrician-gynecologist often meets female patients suffering from obesity: pregnant women with alimentary-constitutional obesity, gynecologic patients of reproductive age with infertility and visceral obesity development (polycystic ovary syndrome), menopausal age patients with metabolic syndrome. Often these patients have eating disorders. Therefore, knowledge of the cognitive and brain mechanisms of overeating behavior in obese women is of great ...
Added: August 27, 2023
Громова Д. Б., Khorkina N., Электронный научный журнал "Социальные аспекты здоровья населения" 2023 Т. 69 № 1 Статья 5
Significance. A positive assessment of life satisfaction is important for building a sense of general social well-being in the country. Meanwhile, the body mass index can be one of the factors determining this assessment.
The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between the body mass index of adult Russians and their satisfaction with life based ...
Added: March 15, 2023
Ozornina N., Ефимова П., Тимошенко Н. et al., Образование и саморазвитие 2022 Т. 17 № 4 С. 150–164
The coronavirus pandemic led to a massive transition to distance learning at schools. All participants in the educational process adapt their lifestyle, workplace, communication methods and leisure forms to the new circumstances. Nowadays the consequences of this phenomenon begin to be studied. This article is devoted to the study of the experience of learning, communication ...
Added: December 24, 2022
Akaliyski P., Minkov M., Li J. et al., Social Science & Medicine 2022 Vol. 307 Article 115167
Background. Obesity rates have been rising steeply across the globe in recent decades, posing a major threat to global human health. Despite this almost universal increase, differences between countries remain striking, even among equally developed societies.
Methods. We test if two cultural dimensions derived from a revised Hofstede model of culture from Minkov (2018), namely collectivism ...
Added: November 29, 2022