Философия как державная правда и иные образовательные скрепы (метафизический фельетон)

Einai: философия, религия, культура. 2018. Т. 7. № 1 (13) . С. 57–75.

Matveychev O. A.

The main idea of the article written in the genre of the philosophical satire is the search for an answer to the question of the possibility of theories in an age of a triumph of empiricism and positivism. Reflecting on the problems of education in the modern world, the author refers to the recently published book of Richard Pohl «Plato as a teacher. Plato’s Renaissance and Antimodernism in Germany (1890–1933)». The book tells how, while solving the tasks of a nation building and the transformation of Germany into the intellectual and cultural center of all mankind, the state educational machine of the German Empire used Plato and his doctrine of «eternal forms» for the needs of education. In addition, the book analyzes a very noteworthy phenomenon of «German neo-Platonism», which arose in the late XIX – early XX century and represented by a variety of schools – from the neo-Kantians to the circle of Stefan Gheorghe, each of which had its own concept of Plato. The author notes that Plato’s philosophy is also actualized in the modern times. But does this mean that Plato can become a «staple» for culture and a symbol of education in the current conditions? And is it possible today to restore the authentic image of Plato, or does each era re-imagines the philosopher in its own way?

Keywords: образование, Германия, Греция, education, Germany, Платон, теория, позитивизм, история философии, neoplatonism, неоплатонизм, history of philosophy, Plato, positivism, Ancient Greece, empiricism, эмпиризм, Ницше, theory, Friedrich Nietzsche, Виламовиц-Меллендорф У. фон, Karl Popper, Карл Поппер, principle of falsifiability, Ulrich von Vilamovitz-Mellendorf, Richard Pohl, Рихард Поле, принцип фальсифицируемости