Article
Культурное потребление в социологических исследованиях: обзор подходов к измерению понятия
This review highlights sociological approaches to the definition and measurement of cultural consumption. Studies regarding this issue are based on the supposition that cultural preferences depend on social position and, therefore, reflect social structure. Nevertheless, despite the long history of cultural consumption research and the existence of numerous studies addressing this topic, the notion is still vague. Several approaches may be found in the literature. Cultural consumption is analyzed as a part of lifestyle that is dependent on class structure. This framework is related to the distinction between highbrow and lowbrow activities and tastes, where each set of choices is only relevant for a particular class. Criticism and further development of this approach is related to the reevaluation of both the structure of cultural consumption and the basis for distinction. More recent studies have addressed not only the symbolic value of cultural products but have also looked at the range of cultural preferences and the intensity of cultural activities. Along with this, papers tackling the modes of cultural consumption are also present. However, existing papers vary in terms of employing these approaches. On the one hand, the definitions are different; studies analyze practices, tastes, or experiences. On the other hand, researchers use different variables and scales to measure cultural consumption.
The specificity of the world image and lifestyle based on the schemes for exemine the image of the world and life and their professional specifics are described
The book examines two main topics related to the culture of the Spanish Republican exile in the Soviet Union: cultural centers of Spaniards in the USSR and the participation of Spanish exilées in Soviet cultural projects such as the review 'La Literatura Internacional' (later, Literatura Soviética) and the Spanish department of the publishing house Progress, in the period from 1937 until the 70ties. It's the first general study of the culture of the Spanish community in the Soviet Union based on the documents from the Spanish and Russian archives, news papers and journals, and testimonies of the Spanish exilées in the USSR.
The purpose of this study was to investigate consumption patterns and their association with the lifestyle characteristics of Russian households. The research based on the data of Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – HSE (RLMS–HSE) was collected between 1992 and 2008. Over this period total household expenditure on food increased by 40%, while total expenditure on durables more than tripled. Consequently, the share of food expenditure dropped from 72.6% to 45% whereas the non-food expenditure share grew up from 27.4% to 55%. By 2008 the gap in consumption standards between rich and poor households had widened since well off families completely dominated in volume of non-food expenditure, services and leisure expenditure and savings. Meanwhile we can state that consumption depended heavily not only on a total household income but also on a household type and on the phase of its life circle, for example, the data clearly show that young families, single-parent families and pensioners saved up less than other families as their expenses constantly exceeded their incomes in 2008. Moreover, the level of durables consumption varied over the type of settlement. The factor analysis (the method of Principal components, Varimax rotation with Kaiser Normalization) let us define the groups of durables that differentiate the households by consumption patterns. These groups are likely to associate with highly “modernised” urban lifestyle, moderately “modernised” lifestyle, and rural lifestyle.
The author’s views on the essence of educational objectives and outcomes, on their interrelation in the area of general education, on specifics of pedagogical goal-setting, on the structure of the hierarchical system of educational objectives have been forming throughout almost 60 years of professional educational work. He represents common objectives of school education as a three-level system: development of the ability to choose some lifestyle that is appropriate to the current society development trends; shaping the experience of solving cognitive, communicative and other problems relevant to students without assistance; learning of work methods that are applicable to school practice and beyond it.
This article examines the role of archivists in shaping the capacity and the structure of a university’s memory. Drawing on sources such as laws and ministerial instructions, the authors analyze the government’s archive policy with regard to universities and how professors and archivists were taking part in its implementation. Their participation included sorting documents and attributing them to individual ‘cases’, destroying some of the ‘unnecessary’ documents and preserving others that were designated for destruction. Based on information from service records and university reports, the article tracks changes in the corporate status of university archivists in nineteenth-century Russia.
The bulletin presents the results of two surveys conducted in 2013 as part of the Monitoring the economics of education: parents of pupils attending extra classes and parents of children enrolled in institutions of further education. We consider the expectations of parents regarding the results of the pre-additional education, their satisfaction with the services they receive, the cost to families for additional education of children. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the scale and nature of children's involvement in further education, including differences due to the age of children, education, financial security and the residence of families.
This article is talking about state management and cultural policy, their nature and content in term of the new tendency - development of postindustrial society. It mentioned here, that at the moment cultural policy is the base of regional political activity and that regions can get strong competitive advantage if they are able to implement cultural policy successfully. All these trends can produce elements of new economic development.