Влияние системы страхования вкладов на риски банков

Вопросы статистики. 2017. № 9. С. 27–41.

Polyakova M. V., Хабибулина А. Р., Polyakov K.

Current study focuses on the analysis of the impact of the deposit insurance system on the functioning of national banking system. Literature review reflect the difference in the opinions of analytics about the character of this impact. Summarizing points of view one may conclude that in unstable periods deposit insurance system may strengthen the banking system and prevent customers run. In opposite in the periods of growth of the economy it may lead to the additional moral hazard.

Banking systems of BRICS are in the focus of current research. Russian Federation is the member of this association and, as some analytics thinks, BRICS has good opportunity to grow. Meanwhile one might mention that BRICS is artificial association. Modern experience shows that it members have chosen too different paths of development and have gained too different results.  However, common to them is the existence of intensive transition processes that lead to the instability in the economy and the existence of social problems, poverty, corruption and the stratification of society. 

First part of the article focuses on the comparison of deposit insurance system in different countries of BRICS. Analysis shows serious differences in deposit insurance systems of these countries. In particular, in South Africa the system is not enshrined in law and is implicit. In some countries, it is in private ownership and/or not has state guaranties.

Second part of article focuses on the econometric analysis of the impact of deposit insurance system on the level of risks, which banks may take. The existence and quality of open data about the state of banking systems let us to conduct full analysis only for Russian Federation and Brazil. For other countries, only short analysis was conducted. Results of panel models estimation let one make conclusion about the impact of the increase of the maximum amount of insurance coverage on the level of risks which bank may take. The impact depends on the characteristics of economic situation, crisis if exists, the level of control of the Central Bank of commercial banks and the percentage of deposits in bank which may be covered by deposit insurance system.

Keywords: moral hazard, моральный риск, панельная регрессия, deposit insurance system, система страхования вкладов, banks’ risk-taking, panel regression, reverse causality, обратная причинность