Миграция молодежи из малых городов России

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2017. № 1. С. 225–242.

Mkrtchyan N. V.

The outflow of young people from small towns of Russia is significant and it is mainly associated with the departure to study in big cities. The paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey of secondary school graduates in 4 Russian small towns which are located at a great distance from regional centers. The interviews with the experts in these cities conducted in 2015 are also presented. The article analyses the reasons and intentions for migration, its scope and direction of the young people outflow, opportunities and obstacles of return migration. It was conducted that the youth migration is not their spontaneous decision, purpose on departure for the study formed long before graduation. Families stand ready to support young people in their migratory intentions to the big cities. Leaving areas selected for study are frequently chosen on the subsequent departure of the whole family. When choosing the direction of migration the prestige of the university and the presence of a chosen speciality is taken into account. But to a greater extent, the prospects to remain for permanent residence in the city where young people sent to study play major role. Return migration in the small towns after graduation is light, and it is mostly associated with the presence of a good job or a bad experience of mortgage in a big city.

Keywords: выпускники школ, малые города, secondary school graduates, Youth migration, возвратная миграция, миграция молодежи, Small towns, return migration