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Типологический анализ регионов России по миграционным характеристикам
Importance Almost all countries have spatial heterogeneity of economic and social development of the regions, as well as demographic processes. The larger the area of the country, the differentiation is more, including the growing role of natural and geographical characteristics. A large number of regions in Russia complicate an individualized approach to address research and management tasks.
Objectives For solution of the problem at the same time taking into account the differences and similarities in regional development can be carried out typology of Russian regions, reveals homogeneous territorial entities according to certain parameters.
Methods For the typology in this paper was used hierarchical cluster analysis of Ward's methods. Using cluster analysis reveals the natural division of objects. With release a certain number of homogeneous clusters. For the selection of indicators, used during the clustering, was performed a correlation analysis and constructed two linear regression models.
Results Typological analysis identified seven clusters with homogeneous characteristics which have correlation with indicators of migration. And two clusters included only one region. For regions in the main zone of settlement, as the most important features identified socio-economic, ethnic and demographic characteristics. For the regions of the Asian part of the country importantly are natural conditions, population density and the share of employment in the extractive industries. Most of the clusters spend people (leaders of the reception are capital cities, as well as cluster of regions of Western Siberia), most clusters are characterized by a high proportion of non-migrants, particularly in the North Caucasus republics.
Conclusions Russia is characterized like strong regional disparities of economic and social development, as well as ongoing demographic processes. Specific features of individual groups of regions that need to be considered in the development of regional and federal programs and other activities related to the regulation of interregional migration.