Огамическое письмо в лэ Марии Французской "Жимолость"

Знание. Понимание. Умение. 2015. № 2. С. 189–196.

Dolgorukova N.

The subject of the article is a fragment of Lais " Chevrefoil" by Marie de France, which describes how the meeting of Tristan and Isolde was prepared. For more than a century this fragment remained a topic of lively debate. First, Mary told us that Tristan broke a branch of hazel, cut it with a knife and carves his name into it. However, the later text is about is the whole story of Tristan disasters, comparison of enamored with woven hazel and honeysuckle, and even about the appeal of the knight to his beautiful lady. According to Marie de France all this information contained in a message on hazel stick, which Isolde founded. The described scene is very implausible and raises a number of issues. How is it possible that Tristan could cut a sixteen lines in a stick, how is it possible that that Isolde was able to read them, sitting on a horse, why Tristan was not afraid to leave such a frank letter on the road.  We propose an interpretation of this fragment using a kind of abbreviations theory, which not only shed light on the lines of Marie de France about Tristan’s message, but also explains a number of references to the use of mysterious runes and ogams in Old English lyrics and Old Irish epic literature. At the end of the article we propose a new translation of "Chevrefoil", made by N.M. Dolgorukova and edited by V.G. Tikhomirov (1943-2011), the translator of "Beowulf" and "Elder Edda".

 

Keywords: Мария Французская, огамическое письмо, теория аббревиатур

Publication based on the results of: «Лэ» Марии Французской: круг чтения, литературный проект и поэтические принципы автора XII века (2015)