Краткосрочное включенное наблюдение: опыт достижения ролей с высокой степенью вовлеченности

Социология: методология, методы, математическое моделирование. 2013. № 37. С. 75–103.

Istomina A.

The article problematizes the methodological assumption that in participant observation achieving a role of high degree of involvement indispensably needs a long-term intensive interaction as a unique condition, which allows researcher to become familiar for the observed people while negotiating a primary role as observer. Based on the data of a short-term participant observation over 8 Russian voluntary organizations, it is demonstrated that some roles with high degree of involvement can be achieved in a short-term participant observation, if the observer manages to adapt to the rules and norms of the studied community, and to the general context of the participation. Particularly five facilitating factors are described: 1) the observer's insider stance, 2) high degree of openness of  the  observed community for outsiders, 3) performing non-specific functions by the insiders, 4) institutionalization of roles with intensive involvement, available for outsiders, 5) personal characteristics of the observer.

Keywords: включенное наблюдение, participant observation, roles of the field observer, negotiation of the researcher role, degree of involvement, роли полевого наблюдателя, степень вовлеченности, переговоры о роли исследователя