«Творческий синтез» и обновление демократии: актуализация политико-философских проектов Ф.А. Степуна и И.А. Ильина

Философические письма. Русско-европейский диалог. 2026. Т. 9. № 1. С. 172–191.

Girinsky A.

This article presents an analysis of the political and philosophical concepts of Russian political thinkers - F.A. Stepun and I.A. Ilyin. The emphasis is on the analysis of the phenomenon of "democracy" in the works of these philosophers. The subject of the study is the analysis of democracy as a political secular form. At the beginning of the article, a gradual change in the political science research paradigm is noted - linear theories of modernization and "democratic transit" are gradually becoming a thing of the past, the need for a multi-aspect interdisciplinary analysis of the historical dynamics of political regimes, which cannot be reduced to "standards" and biased sets of criteria, comes to the fore. A brief overview of domestic and foreign studies is presented. The necessity of reconfiguring the concept of "democracy" in connection with the crisis of political and philosophical definitions dating back to the Enlightenment is stated and substantiated. The necessity of turning to the works of Russian philosophers, whose works present a detailed criticism of the liberal-progressive paradigm of Western modernism, as well as the "formal" secular approach to democracy, is actualized. It is concluded that philosophers insist on the necessity of a "creative" approach to the invention of new political forms, for which it is necessary to "liberate" from the political concepts of the "ideocratic" twentieth century.

Keywords: демократия, секуляризация, secularization, modern society, Идеология, Democracy, общество модерна