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Тело человека как биосоциальный объект: публично-правовые аспекты в эпоху биотехнологий
This article presents a comprehensive study of the concept of the human body in the context of contemporary public law and biotechnologies. Amidst the rapid development of biotechnologies, there is a significant increase in the importance of the human body within legal discourse. This trend raises new questions for legal science and practice regarding the legal status of the body, limits of permissible intervention, as well as ethical and social consequences of biotechnological modifications. The author considers the body as a complex biosocial phenomenon that transcends purely biological understanding. It is proposed to understand the human body as a multifaceted biosocial entity characterized by both internal (biological) and external (social) attributes. These attributes, which form a holistic conception of corporeality, significantly influence an individual's legal status as a subject of law. The article emphasizes the close connection between the concept of the body and fundamental human rights, including the right to life, dignity, and physical integrity. Special attention is given to the role of the body as the foundation of legal personality and its significance in determining personal legal status. The author examines biological criteria of legal personality such as birth and death, while also analyzing how modern technologies affect our understanding of the boundaries of the human body. The necessity of adopting a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to studying and regulating the human body in the legal sphere is underscored, taking into account its multifaceted nature across cultural, social, economic, and legal contexts.