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July 2, 2026
Researchers Discover How Spelling Errors Slow Down Reading in Russian
Psycholinguists from the Centre for Language and Brain at HSE University–St Petersburg have shown that words that are frequently misspelled are processed more slowly by readers, even when presented with the correct spelling. The researchers confirmed this effect for the first time using Russian-language materials and found that response speed is most strongly linked to how confidently individuals can distinguish the correct spelling of a word from an incorrect one. The study has been published in The Mental Lexicon.
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Emotions and attitudes in present day Russian through the prism of new words: Cultural semantics of zhest’ and related concepts

Russian Journal of Linguistics. 2022. Vol. 26. No. 4. P. 970–994.
Anna Gladkova

Contemporary Russian lexicon is characterized by rapid change which involves borrowings, the use of new words and expressions as well as the emergence of new meanings from the existing word forms. The paper considers the development of the colloquial use of the word žest’ (from žest’ ‘tin’ – a type of metal) and the increase of use of the words žestkij ‘hard/tough/firm’ and žestko ‘firmly/toughly’ as an example of ‘internal’ language processes. Žest’ belongs to the domain of colloquial speech and youth slang, but it is also infiltrating other types of discourse. Žestkij and žestko are shown to be prevalent in the political discourse as a sign of power. The paper analyses the semantics of the words and establishes cultural links between the meaning of the words and broader cultural themes. It uses the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) as a method of semantic analysis relying on data from the Russian National Corpus. Despite belonging to different types of discourse, the words are shown to be closely connected conceptually and the cultural prominence of the concept is emphasized.

Research target: Philology and Linguistics
Language: English
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DOI
Text on another site
Keywords: political discourseRussianemotionsyouth slanglanguage changeNatural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM)
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