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Формирование транснациональной партийной системы в Европейском союзе: основные достижения и препятствия накануне выборов в Европейский парламент 2024 г.
The article analyzes the transnational parties of the European Union. The author characterizesboth the main achievements and remaining obstacles in the formation of a fully functioningsupranational party system on the eve of the elections to the European Parliament in 2024 For thispurpose, the evolution from transnational party federations/confederations to parties registered andfunded at the European level is examined. In addition, the motivation for such supranational partycooperation among national parties and patterns in the distribution of European parties across thepolitical spectrum are identified. The text assesses the consequences of the failure to implement thelead candidate (Spitzenkandidat) institution in 2019 and the lack of visibility of transnational partiesin election materials. Finally, the potential of the provisions of the European Parliament resolutionfor the future of parties at the European level are explored. They concern transnational lists led bylead candidates, a single European constituency and a pan-European minimum percentage thresholdwith relaxations for national and linguistic minority parties. The author comes to the conclusionabout the risk of the announced reform for the positions of small the European Democratic Partyand the European Christian Political Movement. However, the chances for further implementationof the provisions of the document remain low, due to the low level of support for the initiatives inthe Council.