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О семантике одного кумранского варианта (Ис 53:8)
The paper discusses the meaning of the word nwgˁ, which occurs in the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa ) in Isa 53:8. This manuscript is the oldest Hebrew copy of the biblical book of Isaiah, dating from the second half of the second century BCE. The passage Isa 53:8 is part of the so-called Fourth Song of the Servant of Yahweh (Isa 52:13–53:12), which deals with the suffering and death (Isa 53:2–9) of a certain unnamed character called the “Servant” of Yahweh / LORD, as well as his posthumous triumph (Isa 53:10–12). The article critically examines the available hypotheses explaining the meaning of the word nwgˁ: mainly the assumptions that it is a form of the perfect of the Pual stem (‘was smitten’), and that it is a form of a segolate noun formed according to the qutl model, with the same semantics as näḡaˁ ‘stroke’ in the Masoretic text. The article shows that the first explanation is preferable for several reasons. First of all, the Qumran texts attest several different Pual forms of the verb ngˁ (Dp stem), while there is no clear evidence of the existence of the segolate noun of the qutl model. Furthermore, the context of Isa 53:8 favors that the reading nwgˁ could be a form of the Pual perfect (‘was smitten’) rather than the noun form (‘a stroke’). In particular, a characteristic feature of the Fourth Song of the Servant of the LORD is the frequent use of the forms of the passive stems as well as passive Qal (G stem) forms. Thus there are five Pual and passive Qal forms, which are 128 К. А. Битнер rendered in the scroll in the “full” orthography, i.e., with the letter vav to denote the vowel u. The last four words in Isa 53:8 in the 1QIsaa manuscript are suggested to be translated as follows: “because of the offense of his people he was smitten for their sakes.”