Обеспеченность микронутриентами женщин в РФ: влияние на течение беременности, перинатальные исходы и демографические показатели

Акушерство и гинекология: Новости. Мнения. Обучения. 2021. Т. 9. № 4. С. 44–51.

Баранов И. И., Дмитриев М. Э., Popovich L., Тетруашвили Н. К., Ярмолинская М. И., Зимоха А. Ю., Карташов Д. Д., Светличная С. В., Соколов К. А., Сулденко В. В.

This review article summarizes the current evidence on the role of micronutrient support in pregnancy.
Proper supply of vitamins and minerals is one of the most important condition for the development of the fetus
and a favorable course of pregnancy. In Russia, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis is extremely high, along with
this, usually we are talking about poly-hypovitaminosis (deficiency of several vitamins at once). The use of folic
acid and multivitamins has been proven to prevent neural tube closure defects and other fetal malformations,
and therefore folic acid is recommended in many countries at a dose of 400–800 mcg per day. In 2019, a new
Cochrane meta-analysis was published, according to which multivitamins have an advantage over iron and folic
acid in the prevention of complications of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes, such as the birth of children with
very low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, early preterm birth. The greatest evidence is provided
by vitamin-mineral complexes containing folic acid, vitamin D and iron and corresponding to the UNIMMAP
standard. Given the importance of the issue, the authors are conducting a socio-economic study, which will be
published later. Preliminary results of calculations show that an increase in the number of those using vitamins
before pregnancy from 10% to at least 50% could prevent 8.9 thousand cases of perinatal mortality, 1.3 thousand
cases of disability and 6.8 thousand congenital pathologies.

Keywords: демографические показатели, беременность, витамин D, микронутриенты, полигиповитаминоз, перинатальные исходы, фолиевая кислота, препараты железа