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Трансформация системы внутриполитических элит стран ЕС (на примере Франции) как фактор влияния на эволюцию европейской риторики
Modern European elites are experiencing a radical transformation.The fact of increasing influence of internal political processes in EU member countries on the state of pan-European elites is no longer in doubt. The historical confrontation between the right and left wings of the elites at the level of EU member states has been replaced by the rivalry between Eurosceptics and Eurooptimists. Based on the fact that European elites are to a certain extent formed from national elites, the reasons for the transformations might be found in the evolution of the internal political elites of the EU leading states. Among the catalysts for the “party shift” in Europe, the chapter notes: internal contradictions among party blocs, which led to a blurring of the boundaries between the goals and ideology of the party poles; involvement of the European agenda in domestic political processes; the departure of party leaders from direct party representation; economic shocks and depressions, leading to the authorities taking rationally necessary measures instead of ideologically justified ones; the gradual “pulling away” of votes from the socialists and Gaullists by third parties and the revision by citizens of the thesis about the immutability of political preferences; the phenomenon of globalization and trends of cooperation at the world and European level.