TRANSICIÓN A LA ECONOMÍA VERDE: EXPERIENCIA DE ESPAÑA

Iberoamérica. 2023. No. 3. P. 47–68.

Sidorenko T.

The article deals with the current state of the green transformation in Spain, which is an important prerogative of its economic strategy aimed to achieve an outright carbon neutrality by 2050, according to the Green Deal of the European Union adopted in December 2019. The country has many drivers to make it one of the world leaders in the field of renewable energy. At the same time, Spain faces hardships which hamper its efforts on the way to the green economy: high costs of electricity from renewable energy sources (RES); expensive green hydrogen production, which bars this kind of fuel from being competitive; a threat to national security due to the digitalization of energy infrastructure; the risk of dependence on outlandish minerals critical for the making and revamping of renewable energy installations; environmental risks stemming from the rare earth metals mining, as well as from the need to utilize the equipment and outfits used for renewable energy production.

Keywords: экономическая политика, Испания, economic policy, возобновляемые источники энергии, углеродная нейтральность, environmental risks, экологические риски, renewable energy sources, carbon neutrality, Spain, green transition, green hydrogen, зеленый переход, зеленый водород