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Пасхальные мотивы в "Уральских стихах" Б.Л. Пастернака
The problem of the meaning of Christian holidays in the poetic world of
B.L. Pasternak is studied on the example of the cycle “Ural poems”. The issue of the
special functional symbolic meaning of holidays in Pasternak’s work which had previously
only indirectly interested researchers is raised. An attempt is made to formulate
the main functional characteristics of holidays in Pasternak’s poetry, such as the breaking
of space-time relations, the semantic connection of any holiday with all other events
in the life of Christ, the opening of the borders of the gospel history and the entry of a
lyrical hero into it. The purpose of the work is to show how these principles can help in
interpreting specific texts of Pasternak and, on the other hand, to expand the understanding
of the functional meaning of the festive aspect in the poet’s lyrics using the example
of the cycle “Ural poems”. The article presents the experience of reading the poems of
the cycle in the 1929 edition of the book “Over the barriers” and offers an explanation
of further changes in the composition of the cycle. The complex of biblical motifs is
tried to be identified in the poem, a possible correlation of “Station” with specific texts
is suggested, for example, with the “First Catholic Epistle of the Apostle Peter”. The
study suggests a relationship of Easter motifs with the space of the Urals in Pasternak’s
worldview. We interpreted the cycle through the prism of Easter stories, such as the
descent of Christ into hell. The Easter substratum is fundamentally linked to the poet’s
ideas about his own lyrics and art in general. The metaphor of involvement “everything
into everything”: nature, people, the poet and his poetry into the original gospel story
makes significant adjustments to our ideas about Pasternak’s artistic aesthetics. These
observations prove that the idea of the Bible as a “notebook of humanity” (expressed
in the “Security certificate”) was with the poet long before the “Second birth” of the
1930s. The results of the research show that further study of the festive aspect of Pasternak’s
poetic world will make it possible to get a more complete picture of the poet’s
basic ideas about Christianity and art relationships which crystallize in holidays