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Oil and the corporate reintegration of Russia: The role of federal oil companies in Russia's center-periphery relations
Alfred Stepan's comparative work on federal systems has inspired this study on Russian federalism and the important role corporations could play in shaping center-periphery relations within a federation system. Russia's political and economic transition under the first Russian President Boris Yeltsin and his successor, Vladimir Putin, was shaped by the asymmetrical nature of the Russian Federation. Stepan highlights that in Russia the "constitutionally embedded differences between the legal status and prerogatives of different subunits within the same federation" were further exacerbated by "extraconstitutionally negotiated" bilateral treaties between the center and the regions, as well as by unconstitutional acts enacted by regional authorities. As a result, during Yeltsin's era, Russian asymmetrical federalism presented significant challenges to the territorial integrity of the state as well as to its democratic transition.